OHSU Healthcare Topic Search: brain

Search Results:

Brain Tumors

Detailed information on brain tumors, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, types, and treatment

Acquired Brain Injury

Detailed information on acquired brain injury, including types, causes, and rehabilitation

Stroke / Brain Attack

Detailed information on stroke, also called brain attack, including history, statistics, symptoms, types, effects, diagnostic, treatment, and rehabilitation information

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Brain (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on computed tomography (CT or CAT) scan of the brain, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of the brain

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Spine and Brain (tests & procedures)

MRI may be used to examine the brain and/or spinal cord for injuries or the presence of structural abnormalities or certain other conditions, including tumors or aneurysms.

Brain Abscess

Detailed information on brain abscess, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Anatomy of the Brain

The brain is an important organ that controls thought, memory, emotion, touch, motor skills, vision, respiration, temperature, hunger, and every process that regulates your body.

Disorders of the Brain and Nervous System

Detailed information on the most common disorders of the brain and nervous system in high-risk newborns

Stroke (Brain Attack)

Detailed information on stroke, also called brain attack, including history, statistics, symptoms, types, effects, diagnostic, treatment, and rehabilitation information

Craniotomy (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on craniotomy, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, an anatomical illustration of the anatomy of the brain, and an illustration of an example of a craniotomy procedure

Types of Stroke

Most strokes are ischemic?caused by blockage of an artery. When the blockage occurs, brain cells and tissues begin to die within minutes from lack of oxygen and nutrients.

Endovascular Coiling (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on endovascular coiling, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, an anatomical illustration of the brain, and illustrations of the coiling and clipping procedures

Effects of Stroke

When an area of the brain is damaged, which typically occurs with a stroke, an impairment may result. An impairment is the loss of normal function of part of the body.

Overview of Stroke

Detailed information on stroke, also called brain attack, including how to respond in a stroke emergency

Evaluation Procedures for Stroke

Detailed information on stroke, also called brain attack, including stroke diagnosis

Stroke

Detailed information on stroke, also called brain attack, including history, statistics, symptoms, types, effects, diagnostic, treatment, and rehabilitation information

Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL)

PVL may happen when the brain receives too little oxygen. It is not clear, however, when the trigger for PVL occurs?before, during, or after birth.

Treatment for Stroke

Treatment is most effective when started immediately. Emergency treatment may include medications to help dissolve the clot or reduce swelling in the brain.

Intraventricular Hemorrhage

Intraventricular hemorrhage is bleeding inside or around the spaces in the brain containing the cerebral spinal fluid. Babies with respiratory problems or other complications of prematurity are more likely to have this condition.

History of Stroke

Detailed information on the history of stroke, also called brain attack

Meningitis

Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and the spinal cord. Bacteria or viruses are the more common causes.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

PET is a type of nuclear medicine procedure that measures metabolic activity of the cells of body tissues. Used mostly in patients with brain or heart conditions and cancer, PET helps to visualize the biochemical changes taking place in the body.

Home Page - Nervous System Disorders

Detailed information on the most common types of neurological disorders, including acute spinal cord injury, alzheimers disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Bell's palsy, brain tumors, epilepsy, Guillain-Barr‚ syndrome, headaches, muscular contraction

Topic Index - Nervous System Disorders

Risk Factors for Stroke

Detailed information on stroke, also called brain attack, including risk factors for stroke

Good Blood Glucose Control Is Your Ally Against Alzheimer?s

If you have type 2 diabetes and don't control your blood sugar, you may be putting more than your heart, eyes, and kidneys at risk--you may be putting your brain at risk, too.

Neurological Disorders

Neurological Surgery

Neurological surgery is used to treat disorders of the brain, spine, and nerves. The doctor who specializes in neurological surgery is called a neurosurgeon or neurological surgeon.

Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus is a condition in which a buildup of fluid in the brain causes the pressure inside of the head to increase and the skull bones to expand to a larger-than-normal appearance.

BSE (?Mad Cow Disease?) and vCJD

BSE is a cattle disease, and vCJD is the equivalent disease in humans. Both are fatal brain diseases. Researchers believe that people become infected by eating beef contaminated with BSE.

Carotid Endarterectomy / Carotid Angioplasty with Stenting (podcast)

Detailed information on carotid endarterectomy and carotid angioplasty and stenting, including the reasons and preparation for the procedures, risks of the procedures, how the procedures are performed, after care, an anatomical illustration of the circulation of the brain, and illustrations of carotid endarterectomy and carotid angioplasty with stenting.

Cerebral Aneurysm (animation)

A cerebral aneurysm is a serious condition, but it can be surgically treated in a variety of ways. Also called an intracranial or brain aneurysm, a cerebral aneurysm is a bulging, weakened area in the artery wall, disrupting blood flow.

Conditions Commonly Treated By Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Detailed information on the conditions most commonly treated by physical medicine and rehabilitation, including acquired brain injury, arthritis, burns, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic pain, back pain, neck pain, multiple sclerosis, spinal

Gamma Knife (podcast)

Detailed information on gamma knife radiosurgery, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of the brain.

Stroke: Causes (animation)

Have you every wondered what causes a stroke? Your experience may reflect that it occurs suddenly, without warning. Stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted. View the animation and learn how and why strokes occur, and more important, warning signs that can save a life.

Genetics and Cancer - Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome (VHL)

VHL is a rare genetic disorder marked by an increased risk of developing benign tumors in the brain, spine, retina, and adrenal gland, and cancerous tumors in the kidney.

Normal Vision

Light enters the eye through the cornea and passes through the pupil. It then hits the lens, which focuses the light rays on the retina. The optic nerve carries the image from the retina to the brain.

Doppler Flow Studies

Doppler flow is a type of ultrasound that measures the flow of blood through a blood vessel. Doppler flow studies may be used to assess blood flow in the umbilical blood vein and arteries, fetal brain, and fetal heart.

How a Migraine Happens

One theory says that migraine pain occurs because of waves of activity by groups of excitable brain cells, which trigger chemicals, such as serotonin to constrict blood vessels.

Estrogen's Effects on the Female Body

In addition to regulating the menstrual cycle, estrogen affects the reproductive tract, the urinary tract, the heart and blood vessels, bones, breasts, skin, hair, mucous membranes, pelvic muscles, and the brain.

Hearing Loss

Sensorineural hearing loss involves the inner ear or its connection with the brain. Conductive hearing loss involves the middle or outer ear.

Hypothermia

Hypothermia is an abnormally low body temperature brought on by staying in cold temperatures for a long period of time. This lowered body temperature affects the brain, thus affecting a person's ability to think clearly or move well.

Genetics and Cancer - Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC)

This type of colon cancer is also known as Cancer Family Syndrome. It raises the risk for other cancers, including those of the endometrium, stomach, small intestine, liver and biliary tract, brain, ovary, ureters, and renal pelvis.

High Blood Pressure / Hypertension

High blood pressure, or hypertension, increases the risk for coronary heart disease (heart attack) and stroke (brain attack).

Glossary - Nervous System Disorders

Glossary of terms relating to nervous system

Head Injury

Detailed information on head injury, including causes, symptoms, types, diagnosis, and treatment

Epilepsy and Seizures

Detailed information on epilepsy and seizures, including the different types of seizures, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Glossary - Neurological Disorders

Glossary of terms relating to nervous system

Seizures

Detailed information on epilepsy and seizures, including the different types of seizures, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Encephalitis

Detailed information on encephalitis, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Carotid Artery Disease

Detailed information on carotid artery disease, including description of carotid artery disease, importance of carotid arteries, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and full-color anatomical and procedure illustrations

Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's disease is the most common form of parkinsonism, a group of motor system disorders. PD is slowly progressing and degenerative.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on electroencephalogram (EEG), including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, and after care

Cerebral Arteriogram (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on cerebral arteriogram, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, and after care

Time Widens for Giving Clot-Busting Drug for Stroke

An advisory committee of the has issued a recommendation that the window of time for tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) therapy be opened much wider. The advisory appears in the medical journal .

Evoked Potentials Studies (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on evoked potentials studies, including the types of studies, reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, and after care

Glossary - Non-Traumatic Emergencies

Glossary of terms relating to non-traumatic emergencies

Lumbar Puncture (LP) (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on lumbar puncture, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of the spine and the lumbar puncture procedure

Glossary - Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Glossary of terms relating to physical medicine and rehabilitation

Stroke Risk Reduction Found In Women Who Consume Coffee

< Feb. 18, 2009 > -- Spanish and American researchers suggest that drinking coffee appears to lower the risk for stroke among women, with more consumption translating into more protection.

Aneurysm: Coils and Stents

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Detailed information on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including information on how the procedure is performed

Neurocutaneous Syndromes

Detailed information on neurocutaneous syndromes, including causes, symptoms, types, diagnosis, and treatment

Positron Emission Tomography (PET Scan) (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on positron emission tomography (PET), including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, and after care

Cerebral Palsy

Detailed information on cerebral palsy, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder

Detailed information on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

ADHD is a behavior disorder marked by inattention, impulsivity, and, in some cases, hyperactivity.

Genetic Risk for Autism Highlighted in New Research

Two new studies highlight the complex genetic roots of autism. The first says inheriting abnormal mutations of two common genes can raise the risk for developing the disease.

Glossary - Cardiovascular Diseases

Glossary of terms relating to cardiovascular disease and heart healthy living

Age-Related Cognitive Decline May Be Linked to High Blood Sugar Levels

< Dec. 31, 2008 > -- Rising blood glucose levels have been identified by scientists as a possible contributing factor in age-related cognitive decline.

Anencephaly

Detailed information on anencephaly, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Aphasia

Detailed information on aphasia, including cause, diagnosis, types, and treatment

Chiari Malformation

Detailed information on Chiari malformation, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Home Page - Neurological Disorders

Detailed information on neurological disorders in children

Topic Index - Neurological Disorders

Detailed information on neurological disorders in children

Diabetes Insipidus

Detailed information on diabetes insipidus, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Glossary - Heart Center

Glossary of terms relating to cardiovascular disease and heart healthy living

Online Resources - Nervous System Disorders

List of online resources to find additional information on nervous system disorders

Infections Linked to Stroke

< Nov. 11, 2009 > -- A new study suggests that being exposed to several common pathogens may contribute to the risk for having a stroke.

Neurogenic Bladder

Detailed information on neurogenic bladder, including complications, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

About the Nervous System

The most common neurologic conditions of concern in pregnancy are migraine headaches, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis.

Online Resources - Neurological Disorders

List of online resources to find additional information on nervous system disorders

Recursos en la Red - Trastornos Neurológicos

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

SIDS is the sudden and unexplained death of an infant under 1 year of age. SIDS is sometimes called crib death because the death occurs when a baby is sleeping in a crib.

Glossary - Cancer Center

Glossary of terms relating to cancer

Glossary - Women's Center

Glossary of terms relating to women's health

Dementia Risk for Older People Increased by Low Blood Sugar

Older individuals with type 2 diabetes who have been hospitalized with severe low blood sugar levels seem to have a greater risk of developing dementia, new research suggests.

Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, a disorder in which mental functions deteriorate and break down.

Diagnostic Tests for Neurological Disorders

Evaluating and diagnosing damage to the nervous system is complicated and complex. Many of the same symptoms occur in different combinations among the different disorders.

Neurological Examination

A neurological exam may be performed with instruments, such as lights and reflex hammers, and usually does not cause any pain to the patient.

Overview of Nervous System Disorders

Disorders of the nervous system include stroke, infections such as meningitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and functional disorders such as headache and epilepsy.

Glossary - Otolaryngology

Glossary of terms relating to ear, nose, and throat disorders for patients and consumers

Mastoiditis

Detailed information on mastoiditis, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Neurological Conditions

Detailed information on neurological disorders in children, including headaches, head injury and seizures/epilepsy

Reye Syndrome

Detailed information on Reye syndrome, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

Epilepsy

Epilepsy and the medications to treat it can have affect the mother, the pregnancy, and the fetus and newborn. Fortunately, most women are able to have a healthy pregnancy and baby.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Detailed information on Guillain-Barré syndrome, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Meningococcal Infections

Detailed information on meningococcal infections, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

Glossary - Women's Health

Glossary of terms relating to women's health

Anatomy of the Endocrine System

The endocrine system includes not only the pancreas?the organ involved in the development of diabetes?but also the pituitary, thyroid, and other glands.

Empty Sella Syndrome

Detailed information on empty sella syndrome, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Hypoglycemia

Detailed information on hypoglycemia, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Neurological Rehabilitation

Detailed information on neurological rehabilitation, including members of the rehabilitation team

X-rays of the Skull (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on x-ray of the skull, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of the bones of the skull

Ataxia

Detailed information on ataxia, including sporadic ataxia and the hereditary ataxias

Radiosurgery

Radiosurgery uses focused beams of radiation to treat cancerous tissues without a surgical incision or opening. The treatment is called "surgery" because creates a result similar to an actual surgical procedure.

Syncope

Detailed information on syncope, also called fainting, including causes, symptoms, diagnostic, and treatment information

Glossary - Growth and Development

Glossary of terms relating to growth and development of children

Airway Obstruction

Detailed information on airway obstruction and children, including choking, suffocation, and strangulation

Airway Obstruction Overview

Eye Examinations and Visual Screening

Detailed information on eye examinations in children

Trigeminal Neuralgia: Motor Cortex Stimulation

Multiple Sclerosis

Detailed information on multiple sclerosis, including causes, symptoms, evaluation procedures, treatment, and rehabilitation

Neurology

Neurology is the branch of medicine that is concerned with the study and treatment of disorders of the nervous system.

Prematurity

Other terms often used for prematurity are preterm and "preemie." Many premature babies also weigh less than 5.5 pounds and may be referred to as low birthweight.

The Pituitary Gland

Detailed information on the anatomy and function of the pituitary gland

Electronystagmography (ENG) (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on electronystagmography (ENG), including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of the ear

Headaches

Detailed information on headaches, including the different types of headaches and statistics relating to headaches

Glossary - Craniofacial Anomalies

Glossary of terms relating to craniofacial anomalies in children

Glossary - Hematology and Blood Disorders

Online medical glossary of terms relating to hematology and blood disorders written for patients and consumers

Anatomy of the Eye

The structures of the eye include the cornea, iris, pupil, macula, retina, and the optic nerve.

Diagnostic Tests Overview

Detailed information on the most common diagnostic tests for neurological disorders in children

Glossary - High-Risk Newborn

Glossary of terms relating to high-risk newborns

Glossary - Mental Health Disorders

Glossary of terms relating to mental health

Landau-Kleffner Syndrome

Detailed information on Landau-Kleffner syndrome, including signs, diagnosis, and treatment

Preterm Labor

Preterm birth is the greatest problem associated with preterm labor. Although most babies are born after 37 weeks, those born preterm are at increased risks for many complications.

Trigeminal Neuralgia: Stereotactic Radiosurgery

Blood Glucose - Hypoglycemia

Premature babies or infants small for gestational age are more likely to develop hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar.

Hypoglycemia in the Newborn

Babies who are more likely to develop hypoglycemia include those born to women who have diabetes.

Migraine Headache

More than half of women who have migraines find that their headaches occur less often in the last few months of pregnancy.

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH)

Detailed information on syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Disorders Affecting the Pituitary Gland

Detailed information on disorders affecting the pituitary gland, including posterior anterior disorders and anterior pituitary disorders

Glossary - Breast Health

Glossary of terms relating to breast health written for patients and consumers

Other Liver Disorders

Detailed information on autoimmune and metabolic liver disorders, including hemochromatosis (iron overload disease) and Wilson's disease

Acupuncture

Acupuncture is the practice of puncturing the skin with needles at certain anatomical points in the body to relieve specific symptoms associated with many diseases.

Chronic Pain

Chronic pain is long standing pain that persists beyond the usual recovery period or occurs along with a chronic health condition, such as arthritis. Chronic pain may be intermittent or continuous.

Craniosynostosis

Detailed information on craniosynostosis, including causes, types, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Craniosynostosis (Craniofacial Anomaly)

Detailed information on craniosynostosis, including symptoms, types, diagnosis, treatment, and lifelong considerations

Oculoplethysmography (OPG) (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on oculoplethysmography (OPG), including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of a diseased artery

Overview of Mood Disorders

Mood disorders in teens remain one of the most under-diagnosed mental health problems. These disorders also put teens at risk for other conditions that may persist long after the initial episodes of depression are resolved.

Sleep Apnea

Detailed information on sleep apnea, including characteristics, who is at risk, causes, diagnosis, and treatment

Sleep Study (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on sleep study, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an illustration of the procedure

Summer Time Means Tick and Mosquito Bite Time

< Jun. 24, 2009 > -- Now that summer has officially arrived, millions of Americans will be picnicking in grassy fields and camping in the woods.

West Nile Virus

Detailed information on West Nile virus, including symptoms, prevention, and treatment

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Detailed information on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, including statistics, types, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Better Vision in Children Linked to the Outdoors

Kids who spend more time outside - and away from the television set - are less likely to develop myopia, the inability to see things clearly at a distance.

Cancer Treatment - Nausea / Vomiting and Chemotherapy

Detailed information on chemotherapy and nausea and vomiting, including types of nausea and vomiting, causes, and management strategies

Choking and the Heimlich Maneuver

Detailed information on choking, choking prevention, and the Heimlick maneuver

Diagnosing Cancer

Detailed information on diagnosing cancer in children

Fevers

When your child has a fever, the body resets its thermostat at a higher temperature. This helps the body fight off invading microorganisms.

Glossary - Endocrinology

Glossary of terms relating to endocrine disorders for patients and consumers

Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR)

The MMR vaccine is given in two doses?at 12 to 15 months and at 4 to 6 years, or at least one month after the first dose.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE, or Lupus)

Lupus can affect pregnancy at any stage. It is not clear whether the severity of the disease or the type of medication causes problems.

The Day of Surgery / Getting Ready For Surgery / The Operating Room

Detailed information on the day of surgery and what to expect in the operating room

Glossary - Adolescent Medicine

Glossary of terms relating to adolescent medicine

Glossary - Ear, Nose, and Throat

Glossary of terms relating to ear, nose, and throat disorders for patients and consumers

Glossary - Oncology

Glossary of terms relating to cancer in children

Anatomy and Physiology of the Ear

The main parts of the ear are the outer ear, the eardrum (tympanic membrane), the middle ear, and the inner ear.

Diagnostic Procedures for Cancer: Overview

Detailed information on the most common diagnostic procedures for cancer

Glossary - Child and Adolescent Mental Health

Glossary of terms relating to mental health

Glossary - Diabetes and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders

Glossary of terms relating to diabetes and other endocrine and metabolic disorders for patients and consumers

Glossary - Transplantation

Glossary of terms relating to transplantation in children

Trigeminal Neuralgia: Rhizotomy

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Detailed information on acute lymphocytic leukemia, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

Detailed information on acute myelogenous leukemia, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Binge Eating Disorder

Binge eating disorder is an illness that resembles bulimia nervosa and is characterized by episodes of uncontrolled eating or bingeing. It differs from bulimia because its sufferers do not purge their bodies of the excess food.

Chronic Hypertension

When a woman has pre-existing hypertension or develops hypertension before the 20th week of pregnancy, this is called chronic hypertension.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Detailed information on chronic lymphocytic leukemia, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Glossary - Eye Care

Glossary of terms relating to eye care

Glossary - Gynecological Health

Glossary of terms relating to gynecological health

Glossary - High-Risk Pregnancy

Glossary of terms relating to high-risk pregnancy

Hands On Approach to Pain Management Touted

If you struggle with aches and pains that refuse to go away, you just might find relief with a long-practiced but relatively obscure alternative therapy called naprapathy.

Headache

Headaches vary greatly in terms of pain location, pain intensity, and how frequently they occur.

Hearing Loss in Babies

Detailed information on hearing loss in babies

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

A person with IBS has a colon that is more sensitive and reactive than usual, so it responds strongly to stimuli that would not affect other people.

Microcephaly

Detailed information on microcephaly, including causes, symptoms, and diagnosis

Rehabilitation for Neurological Disorders

The goals of a neurological rehab program include helping the patient return to the highest level of function and independence, and improving the overall quality of life?physically, emotionally, and socially.

Schizophrenia

Detailed information on schizophrenia, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

Glossary - Pediatrics

Glossary of terms relating to pediatrics

Alternative Therapy - Art Therapy, Dance Therapy, Music Therapy, and Imagery

Art, dance, music?all are examples of mind-body therapy. Although these therapies do not cure cancer, they provide an outlet for emotions and can improve mental and physical well-being.

Dysphagia

Detailed information on dysphagia, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Detailed information on irritable bowel syndrome, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Spina Bifida

This neurological condition can cause a portion of the spinal cord and the surrounding structures to develop outside, instead of inside, the body. The defect can occur anywhere along the spine.

Acoustic Neurinoma

Acoustic neurinoma is a non-cancerous tumor that may develop from an overproduction of Schwann cells that press on the hearing and balance nerves in the inner ear.

Anatomy of the Newborn Skull

Detailed anatomical information on the newborn skull, including a labeled, full-color illustration

Bicycle / In-Line Skating / Skateboarding Safety - Injury Statistics and Incidence Rates

Most child and teen bicycle crashes occur between May and August and between the hours of 3 and 6 p.m.

Bicycle/ In-Line Skating / Skateboarding Safety - Injury Statistics and Incidence Rates

Most child and teen bicycle crashes occur between May and August and between the hours of 3 and 6 p.m.

Diabetes and Sleep Apnea Linked

Here is a wake-up call to the millions of American men and women with type 2 diabetes: Snoring at night or nodding off during the day may be symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea.

Hearing Screening Tests

Inflammatory and Infectious Disorders

Detailed information on the most common inflammatory and infectious disorders in children

Mood Disorders

Detailed information on the most common types of mood disorders, including major depression, manic depression (bipolar disorder), dysthymia, seasonal affective disorder, and suicide

Nuclear Medicine

Nuclear medicine is a specialized area of radiology that uses very small amounts of radioactive materials to examine organ function and structure. This branch of radiology is often used to help diagnose and treat abnormalities very early in the progression of a disease, such as thyroid cancer.

Pituitary Tumors

Detailed information on pituitary gland tumors, including symptoms, causes, types, diagnosis, and treatment

Potential Emergency Situations and Conditions

Detailed information on potential emergency situations and conditions, including animal bites, rabies, cat scratch disease, appendicitis, asthma attack, chest pain, heart attack, dehydration, heat stroke, fever, food allergy, food-drug interaction, frostb

Stuttering

Detailed information on stuttering, including causes, types, diagnosis, and treatment

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Lupus)

Most people who have lupus are young women. The effects of the disease can range from mild to severe.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE, or Lupus)

Lupus is a disease characterized by periodic episodes of inflammation of and damage to the joints, tendons, other connective tissues, and organs.

Topic Index - Oncology

Detailed information on cancer in children

Anatomy of the Urinary System

Detailed anatomical description of the urinary system, including simple definitions and labeled, full-color illustrations

Common Characteristics of Liver Disease

Detailed information on common characteristics of liver disease

Hypopituitarism

Detailed information on hypopituitarism, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Newborn - Senses

Babies are born with the ability to focus only at close range?about eight to 10 inches, or the distance between a mother's face to the baby in her arms.

Overactive Adrenal Glands / Cushing's Syndrome

Detailed information on overactive adrenal glands and Cushing's syndrome, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Overview of the Male Anatomy

Detailed anatomical description of the prostate gland, including simple definitions and labeled, full-color illustrations

Overview of Urogenital Disorders

Detailed information on urology, the branch of medicine concerned with the urinary tract in both genders and the genital tract or reproductive system in the male, and urogenital disorders

Glossary - Infectious Diseases

Glossary of terms relating to infectious diseases

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is eating disorder that is a form of self-starvation. A person with AN has abnormally low body weight, a distorted body image, and an intense fear of gaining weight.

Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia nervosa is defined as uncontrolled episodes of overeating (bingeing) usually followed by self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, enemas, or medications in an attempt to control weight.

Myelogram (tests & procedures)

A myelogram is used to evaluate abnormalities of the spinal canal, including the spinal cord, nerve roots, and other tissues.

Apnea of Prematurity

Apnea is a term for the absence of breathing for more than 20 seconds. It can occur in full-term babies, but is more common in premature babies.

Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is a type of arrhythmia in which the electrical signals in the atria, or the two small chambers of the heart, are fired in a very fast and uncontrolled manner.

Breast Milk is the Best Milk

Research has found that breastfed babies perform better on different kinds of intelligence tests as they grow older. They also develop better eye function.

Breast Milk is The Best Milk

Your milk contains just the right balance of nutrients, and it contains them in a form most easily used by the human baby's immature body systems.

Common Conditions and Complications

Detailed information on common conditions and complications of the high-risk newborn

Crossed-Eyes (Strabismus)

A child with strabismus has one or both eyes that turn inward, outward, up, or down. At times, more than one of these conditions are present.

Growth Hormone Deficiency

Detailed information on growth hormone deficiency, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Haemophilus Influenzae Infections

Detailed information on Haemophilus influenzae, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, transmission, treatment, and prevention

Hemophilia

Detailed information on hemophilia, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Hyperbilirubinemia and Jaundice

A newborn with this condition has too much bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin causes a yellowing of the baby's skin and tissues. This is called jaundice.

Learning Disorders

Detailed information on learning disorders in children, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

Overview of Leukemias

Detailed overview of leukemia, including types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Pets and Infectious Diseases

Detailed information on pets and infectious diseases

Polycystic Kidney Disease

Detailed information on the different types of polycystic kidney disease, including autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, and acquired cystic kidney disease

Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)

Procedures and Equipment in NICU

NICUs are equipped with complex machines and devices to monitor nearly every system of a baby's body?temperature, heart rate, breathing, oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, and blood pressure.

Rabies

Detailed information on the danger of animal bites and rabies, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

Sepsis

Sepsis is a term for severe infection that spreads throughout the body. Sepsis in a newborn is more likely to develop when the mother has had pregnancy complications that increase the likelihood of infection.

Smoking

Ninety percent of new smokers are children and teenagers. In many cases, they are replacing the smokers who quit or died prematurely from a smoking-related disease.

Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease

Smokers not only have increased risk of lung disease, including lung cancer and emphysema, but also have increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and oral cancer.

Spinal Tap or Lumbar Puncture

Detailed information on spinal tap, also called lumbar puncture

Sports Injury Statistics

Detailed information on sports injuries in children

Sports Safety - Injury Statistics and Incidence Rates

Almost one-third of all injuries incurred in childhood are sports-related injuries. By far, the most common injuries are sprains and strains.

Statistics of Stroke

Statistics profiling the occurrence of stroke

The Benefits of Mother's Own Milk

Premature babies who receive their own mothers' milk develop better eye function. They, and other high-risk babies fed mothers' milk, usually perform better on different kinds of intelligence tests as they grow older.

Toxic Shock Syndrome

Detailed information on toxic shock syndrome, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

Treatment for Arthritis

Detailed information on the most common treatments used for arthritis

Treatment for Arthritis and Other Rheumatic Diseases

Arthritis treatment plans often involve both short-term and long-term relief approaches, including medications, heat and cold, and exercise.

Varicella (Chickenpox)

Chickenpox is a very common childhood disease. It is usually mild, but can be serious, especially in young infants and adults.

Water Safety

Detailed information on water safety

Advances in Therapeutic Radiology

One newer therapy combines radiation and chemotherapy, because in some cases, radiation may improve the effects of chemotherapy, and vice versa. Another therapy uses external beam radiation during surgery to treat cancerous tumors or certain other forms of cancer.

Animal Bites and Rabies

Detailed information on animal bites and rabies, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

Art, Dance, and Music

Detailed information on art therapy, dance therapy, and music therapy as a form of alternative therapy

Audiologist

Detailed information on the audiologist, one potential member of the rehabilitation team

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Carbon monoxide is a poisonous, colorless, tasteless, odorless gas. It is the most common cause of accidental poisoning-related deaths and is often called "the silent killer."

Cellulitis

Detailed information on orbital cellulitis and pre-septal cellulitis, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Children More Likely to Smoke if Mom Smoked During Pregnancy

< May. 20, 2009 > -- According to researchers from the University of Arizona, smoking during pregnancy "biologically primes" a fetus to become a regular smoker as a teen and young adult.

Conduct Disorder

This behavior disorder is marked by antisocial behaviors that violate the rights of others and age-appropriate social standards and rules.

Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP)

Diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus are serious illnesses. A combination vaccine is given to babies and children to provide protection against all three diseases.

Glossary - Diabetes

Glossary of terms relating to diabetes for patients and consumers

Glossary - Pregnancy and Childbirth

Glossary of terms relating to pregnancy and childbirth

Hirschsprung's Disease

Detailed information on Hirschsprung's disease, including risks, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Kidney Cancer

Detailed information on renal cell cancer, the most common type of kidney cancer, including symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Rituals and obsessive thoughts are a normal part of a child's development. A child or adolescent with OCD has obsessive thoughts that are unwanted and related to fears.

Physicians and Specialists

Detailed information on the physicians and specialists that treat disorders of the spine, shoulder, and pelvis

Poliomyelitis (Polio)

Detailed information on poliomyelitis, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

Rh Disease

Rh disease occurs during pregnancy when there is an incompatibility between the blood types of the mother and baby.

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Detailed information on rhabdomyosarcoma, including causes, stages, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Speech / Language Pathologist

Detailed information on the speech and language pathologist, one potential member of the rehabilitation team

Sports Injuries

Detailed information on sports injuries in children, including overuse injuries, sprains, strains, and heat-related illnesses

Sports Injuries Statistics

Detailed information on sports safety

Topic Index - Non-Traumatic Emergencies

Topic Index - Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Detailed information on physical medicine and rehabilitation

When to Call For Help

Detailed information on when to call for help in an emergency situation

Alternative Therapy - Hypnosis

Hypnosis is not a medical treatment for cancer, but it may have an important role in managing cancer. Hypnosis has been effective in helping patients reduce pain, stress, and depression, and calm fears and anxiety.

Cancer Types - Adrenal Glands: Location and Function

Detailed information on the adrenal gland, its anatomy and function

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn

This condition occurs when an incompatibility exists between the blood types of the mother and baby.

Home Page - Cardiovascular Diseases

Cardiovascular diseases include coronary heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, and rheumatic heart disease.

Home Page - Endocrinology

Detailed information on endocrine disorders

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Detailed information on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, including causes, staging, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Normal Growth

Detailed information on normal growth rates in children, including a growth chart

Routine Vaccination Recommendations

Specific vaccine recommendations vary depending on age, geographic location, and other risk factors.

The Adrenal Glands

Detailed information on the adrenal gland, its anatomy and function

Thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia is a condition in which a baby has too few platelets?the blood cells needed for clotting.

Topic Index - High-Risk Pregnancy

Detailed information on high-risk newborns

Trisomy 18 and 13

Detailed information on trisomy 18 and 13, including causes, diagnosis, and prevention

Autistic Disorder

A child with autism appears to live in his or her own world, showing little interest in others and a lack of social awareness.

Carotid Artery Duplex Scan (tests & procedures)

Exams of Obese, Diabetic Youth Show Cardiovascular Problems

An examination of the neck arteries of today's obese or diabetic young people bodes ill for their future health, researchers report in the journal .

Multifactorial Inheritance

Detailed information on multifactorial inheritance, including different multifactorial traits and diseases

Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on nerve conduction velocity (NCV), including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of the nervous system and nerve conduction velocity procedure

Sinus X-ray (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on sinus x-ray, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of the sinuses

Cancer Treatment - Radiation Therapy For Cancer Treatment

Radiation therapy is given through different methods, depending on the type of cancer, the location of the cancer, and the patient's health. Sometimes, radiation therapy is used in combination with other treatments.

Oral Cancer

Ninety percent of oral cancer cases are caused by tobacco use. Oral cancer can affect the lips, teeth, gums, and lining of the mouth.

Sickle Cell Disease

Detailed information on sickle cell disease, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Accident Statistics

Injury is the leading cause of death in children and young adults. Falls are the leading cause of unintentional injury for children.

Breastfeeding Overview

Cystometry (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on cystometry, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of the urinary tract

Fetal Ultrasound (tests & procedures)

Fetal ultrasound is a test used during pregnancy that creates an image of the fetus in the mother's uterus, or womb.

Home Page - Oncology

Detailed information on cancer in children

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder X-ray (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on kidney, ureter, and bladder x-ray, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of the urinary tract

Online Resources - Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

List of online resources to find additional information on physical medicine and rehabilitation

Overview of Adrenal Disorders

Physiatrist

The physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation is called a physiatrist.

Pneumococcus

Pneumococcus bacteria can cause serious illness in children, including pneumonia, infection in the blood, and meningitis.

Presbycusis

Presbycusis is the gradual loss of hearing that occurs as people age. One in three older adults older than 60 has hearing loss. Half of people older than 75 have hearing loss.

Psychiatric Treatment Team

Team members may include a psychiatrist, a psychologist, a social worker, and a psychiatric nurse

Recursos en la Red - Trastornos del Sistema Nervioso

Rib Fracture Repair

Statistics of Disability

Statistics relating to disability

Teratogens Overview

The Growing Child

Detailed information on the growth and development of a child

Trigeminal Neuralgia: Microvascular Decompression

Vascular Studies (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on vascular studies, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, an anatomical illustration of a normal and diseased artery, and an illustration of a carotid artery duplex scan

Water Safety - Injury Statistics and Incidence Rates

More than half of childhood drownings in pools occur in the child's home pool. Most of the victims are between ages 1 and 4.

Water Safety and Teens

Encourage your adolescent to take swimming, diving, and water safety or rescue classes to give him/her the skills needed to swim and dive safely.

Antiphospholipid Syndrome (aPL)

This disease can have serious effects in pregnancy, both for the mother and the baby. These include strokes, blood clots, and recurrent miscarriage.

Bone Marrow Transplant

Detailed information on bone marrow transplant, including preparation, types of transplant, transplant team, and possible procedure-related complications or side effects

Bone Marrow Transplantation

Detailed information on bone marrow transplant, including preparation, types of transplant, transplant team, and possible procedure-related complications or side effects

Genetics and Cancer - Other Colorectal Cancer Syndromes

Several rare syndromes raise the risk for colorectal cancer. These disorders include Turcot syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, juvenile polyposis coli, and MYH-associated polyposis.

Hormone Therapy For Prostate Cancer

The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone.

Mumps

Detailed information on mumps, including symptoms, diagnosis, complications, and treatment

Newborn - Reflexes

The root reflex begins when the corner of the baby's mouth is stroked or touched. The baby will turn his or her head and open his or her mouth. This helps the baby find the breast or bottle to begin feeding.

Rheumatic Heart Disease

Rheumatic heart disease is a condition in which the heart valves have been permanently damaged by rheumatic fever.

Thrombosis

Detailed information on thrombosis, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Lithotripsy (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on lithotripsy, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, an anatomical illustration of the kidney, and an illustration of lithotripsy

Medical Management of Vascular Conditions

Detailed information on the medical management of vascular conditions, including description of the vascular system, risk factors for vascular conditions, causes of vascular conditions, medical management of risk factors, and full-color anatomical illustrations

Physical Examination

Detailed information on childhood physical examinations

Chickenpox

Detailed information on chickenpox, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications, and immunity

Chickenpox (Varicella)

Detailed information on chickenpox, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications, and immunity

Cluster Headaches

Detailed information on cluster headaches including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

Diabetes and High Blood Pressure

If you have diabetes, you are twice as likely to have high blood pressure. Untreated, high blood pressure can raise your risk for heart disease.

Genetics and Cancer - Ovarian Cancer and Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC)

A woman with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer is at increased risk for ovarian cancer. This type of colon cancer usually is caused by mutations in one of several mismatch-repair genes.

Glossary - Cardiovascular Disorders

Glossary of terms relating to cardiovascular disorders in children

Haemophilus Influenzae Type b (Hib)

Haemophilus influenzae type b is a serious bacterial disease that usually strikes children younger than 5. It is spread from person-to-person by coughing and sneezing.

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)

Detailed information on Henoch-Schönlein purpura, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Hypothyroidism

Many symptoms of hypothyroidism are masked by symptoms of pregnancy, such as fatigue, weight gain, and abnormal menstruation, and, as a result, the disease is left undetected and untreated.

Hypothyroidism and Pregnancy

Detailed information on hypothyroidism and pregnancy, including symptoms and treatment and thyroid function screening

Lead Poisoning

Detailed information on lead poisoning

Li-Fraumeni Syndrome

Li-Fraumeni syndrome raises the risk for breast cancer and many other types of cancer.

Meniere's Disease

Meniere's disease is a balance disorder caused by an abnormality found in a section of the inner ear called the labyrinth.

Mosaic Down Syndrome

Detailed information on mosaic Down syndrome, including the chances for it to happen again in a family

Mosaicism

Detailed information on mosaicism, including a mosaicism diagram

Newborn - Crying

Crying is the way babies communicate. They cry because of hunger, discomfort, frustration, fatigue, and even loneliness.

Nutrition During Pregnancy

You need about 300 extra calories a day to maintain a healthy pregnancy. These calories should come from a balanced diet of protein, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

Ovarian Cancer and Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC)

A woman with this type of hereditary colon cancer is at increased risk for ovarian cancer.

Overview of Cancer

Detailed information on cancer, including primary and metastatic cancers, and benign and malignant tumors

Precocious Puberty (Early Puberty)

Detailed information on precocious puberty, including causes, symptom, diagnosis, and treatment

Recursos en la Red - Medicina Física y Rehabilitacián

Rubeola (Measles)

Rubeola, also called the 10-day measles, is a very contagious disease that usually consists of a rash, fever, and cough.

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)

Detailed information on severe combined immunodeficiency, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Stages of Breast Cancer

When breast cancer is diagnosed, your doctor will order tests to find out if the cancer has spread from the breast to other parts of the body. This is called staging and is an important step toward planning a treatment program.

Types of Surgery

Surgery can be classified as major or minor, depending on the seriousness of the illness, the parts of the body affected, the complexity of the operation, and the expected recovery time.

Types of Visual Screening Tests

Many types of vision tests can be used to check your child's ability to see. Some of them can be used at any age, and some are used based on your child's age and understanding.

High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents

Blood pressures vary depending on the age, height, weight, and gender of your child. Generally, blood pressure is low in infancy and rises slowly as children age.

Aneurysm

Detailed information on the dangers of aneurysm, how an aneurysm develops, and aneurysm diagnosis

Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a type of arteriosclerosis caused by a build-up of plaque in the inner lining of an artery.

Autosomal Recessive: Cystic Fibrosis, Sickle Cell Anemia, Tay Sachs Disease

Detailed information on autosomal recessive inheritance, including cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and Tay Sachs disease

Biopsy

Detailed information on biopsy, including the most common types of biopsy such as endoscopic biopsy, bone marrow biopsy, excisional biopsy, incisional biopsy, fine needle aspiration biopsy, punch biopsy, shave biopsy, and skin biopsy

Bronchiolitis

Detailed information on bronchiolitis, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

Communication Disorders

Young children with communication disorders may not speak at all, or may have a limited vocabulary for their age. Some children with communication disorders have difficulty understanding simple directions or are unable to name objects.

Deformational Plagiocephaly

Detailed information on deformational plagiocephaly, including symptoms and treatment

Failure to Thrive

Failure to thrive means that a child is not growing as he or she should. Psychological, social, or economic problems within the family almost always play a role in this condition.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Children or adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder often worry a lot about things such as future events, past behaviors, social acceptance, family matters, their personal abilities, or school performance.

Gestational Hypertension

Pregnancy-induced hypertension is also called toxemia or preeclampsia. It occurs most often in young women with a first pregnancy.

Growth Problems

Detailed information on growth problems, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Infant of Diabetic Mother

A baby born to a diabetic mother may need glucose orally or intravenously. The baby's blood glucose levels will be closely monitored after treatment.

Interventional Radiology

Detailed information on interventional radiology, including what procedures interventional radiologists perform

New Ban on Flavored Cigarettes Aimed at Young Smokers

< Sep. 23, 2009 > -- Cigarettes flavored with vanilla, berry, or chocolate flavors, aimed at enticing young people to smoke, are no longer available in the US.

Newborn Multiples

Because many multiples are small and born early, they may be initially cared for in a special care hospital nursery.

Osteosarcoma

Detailed information on osteosarcoma, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Overview of Craniofacial Anomalies

Detailed information on craniofacial anomalies, including cleft lip, cleft palate, craniosynostosis, hemifacial microsomia, vascular malformation, hemangioma, and deformational plagiocephaly

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

PMDD is a much more severe form of premenstrual syndrome. Women with a personal or family history of mood disorders or postpartum depression may be at higher risk for this disorder.

Refractive Errors

The most common refractive errors in children are nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism.

Small for Gestational Age

Although some babies are small because of genetics (their parents are small), most SGA babies are small because of fetal growth problems that occur during pregnancy.

Staying Healthy After Menopause

Good nutrition and regular exercise can help you stay healthy and youthful at this stage of life.

The Craniofacial Team

Detailed information on craniofacial anomalies and the craniofacial anomaly treatment team

The Second Trimester

During this trimester, the weight of your growing baby will multiply more than seven times?and you will start showing more.

The Third Trimester

The third trimester marks the home stretch, as the mother-to-be prepares for the delivery of her baby.

Types of Genetic Diseases

Genetic diseases are classified by type: chromosomal abnormalities, single gene defects, problems caused by exposure to certain substances, or a combination of these.

Types of Hearing Tests

One type of hearing screening test for newborns uses a tiny, flexible plug that is inserted into the baby's ear. The other type of test uses electrodes attached with adhesive to the baby's scalp.

Acute Spinal Cord Injury

Detailed information on acute spinal cord injury, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Ambiguous Genitalia

Detailed information on ambiguous genitalia, including determining gender and treatment

Anemia in Pregnancy

Anemia is a condition of too few red blood cells, or a lowered ability of the red blood cells to carry oxygen or iron. Anemia can cause poor fetal growth, preterm birth, and low birthweight.

Arteriogram

Detailed information on arteriogram, also called angiogram, including information on how the procedure is performed

Arthritis

Arthritis and other rheumatic diseases are characterized by pain, swelling, and limited movement in joints and connective tissues in the body.

Before Your Next Pregnancy

Detailed information on what to do before (and during) your next pregnancy to reduce the chance for birth defects

Cancer Diagnosis - Diagnostic Imaging

Imaging?X-rays, CT scans, MRIs?is a process that produces pictures of body structures and organs. It is used to detect tumors and other abnormalities, to determine the extent of disease, and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.

Cardiac Sarcoma

Cardiac sarcoma is a rare type of cancerous tumor that occurs in the heart.

Child Growth Charts Often Difficult to Understand

< Sep. 30, 2009 > -- The growth charts widely used in pediatricians' offices are not easily understood or interpreted by many parents, a new survey finds. The results of the survey are reported in the medical journal .

Childhood Glaucoma

Detailed information on childhood glaucoma, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Cloudy Skies May Cloud Your Thinking

< Jul. 29, 2009 > -- People suffering from depression have been found to have memory and other cognitive (thinking skills) problems during gloomy weather, according to a new report.

Common Surgical Procedures

Detailed information on the most common surgical procedures, including appendectomy, breast biopsy, carotid endarterectomy, cataract surgery, cesarean section, cholecystectomy, coronary artery bypass surgery, debridement of wound, dilation and curettage,

Effects of Rehabilitation on the Family

One of the most important factors in a patient's recovery is family involvement and support in his or her rehab.

Feeling Good after Exercise Lasts Longer than Expected

Feel-good afterglow from a workout may last far beyond the hour or so that has been previously assumed, says research presented at the .

Genetic Services: When, Where, How

Detailed information on genetic services, including when, where, and how

Genetics and Cancer - Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)

FAP is a syndrome characterized by a large number of benign polyps in the colon and rectum. Without treatment, a person with FAP has a nearly 100 percent risk of colorectal cancer.

Glossary - Radiology

Glossary of terms relating to radiology

Glossary - Respiratory Disorders

Glossary of terms relating to respiratory disorders

Home Medications Cause Most Accidental Poisonings

< Aug. 05, 2009 > -- Medications found in the family medicine cabinet are the leading cause of accidental poisonings in US children, according to a new report.

Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)

Newborn babies with this condition often appear thin, pale, and have loose, dry skin. The umbilical cord is often thin and dull-looking rather than shiny and fat.

Lifestyle May Counter Genetic Influence on Blood Pressure

< Jun. 17, 2009 > -- Having a genetic makeup that can promote the development of high blood pressure does not necessarily mean that a person will acquire the condition.

Low Birthweight

The primary cause of low birthweight is premature birth. Being born early means a baby has less time in the mother's uterus to grow and gain weight.

Nutrition

You need about 300 extra calories a day to maintain a healthy pregnancy. These calories should come from a balanced diet of protein, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer can develop in one of three types?the first, on the surface of the ovary; the second, in the cells that form the eggs; the third, in the cells that produce female hormones.

Pervasive Developmental Disorders

Children with PDD have difficulty with language, communication, socialization, and motor behaviors. Autism is an example of a PDD.

Plan and Prepare for Pregnancy

Detailed information on planning and preparing for a healthy pregnancy

Planning a Pregnancy

Planning ahead and taking care of yourself before becoming pregnant is the best thing you can do for you and your baby.

Puberty: Adolescent Female

Girls experience puberty as a sequence of events, and their pubertal changes usually begin before boys of the same age. The first pubertal change in girls usually is breast development.

Puberty: Adolescent Male

Detailed information on puberty and the adolescent male

Rheumatic Fever

Detailed information on rheumatic fever, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Separation Anxiety Disorder

All children and teens experience some anxiety?it's a normal part of growing up. When worries and fears abnormally focus on separation from home or family, the child may have separation anxiety disorder.

Stomach and Duodenal Ulcers (Peptic Ulcers)

Detailed information on stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, and peptic ulcers

Tests May ID Older Patients at Risk for Post-Op Delirium

Two simple tests may predict which older patients have underlying depression or less cognitive flexibility, leaving them vulnerable to post-surgery delirium, says a study presented at a meeting of the .

The First Trimester

A healthy first trimester is crucial to the normal development of the fetus. You may not be showing much on the outside, but inside your body all the major body organs and systems of the fetus are forming.

The Growing Child: Adolescent (13 to 18 Years)

Adolescence is a time for growth spurts and puberty changes. Sexual maturation may occur gradually, or several signs may become visible at the same time.

Very Low Birthweight

Very low birthweight is a term used to describe babies who are born weighing less than 3 pounds, 4 ounces. Only a few babies are born this tiny.

Vital Signs

The four main vital signs routinely monitored are body temperature, pulse rate, rate of breathing, and blood pressure.

Wilms Tumor

Detailed information on Wilms tumor, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Bleeding in Pregnancy / Placenta Previa / Placental Abruption

Bleeding may occur at various times in pregnancy. Although bleeding is alarming, it may or may not be a serious complication.

Cancer Overview

Cancer cells don't function properly, and they can spread to many areas of the body. Tumors are clusters of cells that are capable of growing and dividing uncontrollably; their growth is not regulated.

Chronic Back Pain Relieved by Acupuncture

< May 13, 2009 > -- In a group of adult patients, chronic lower back pain was relieved by acupuncture, whether it pierced the skin or not.

Claudication

Detailed information on claudication, including causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and a labeled, full-color anatomical illustration

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Spine (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on computed tomography (CT or CAT) scan of the spine, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of the spine

Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)

Detailed information on trisomy 21, also called Down syndrome, including cause, diagnosis, prevention, and research

Effects of Negative Emotions on the Heart Can Lead to Cardiac Problems

< Feb. 11, 2009 > -- Taking a few minutes to relax, calm down, and simply enjoy life can do more than soothe frayed nerves or a troubled mind - it may save your life.

Electromyography (EMG) (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on electromyography (EMG), including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, and after care

Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a condition in which the normal fluid pressure inside the eyes slowly rises because the fluid aqueous humor is not able to drain properly. This pressure damages the optic nerve.

Glossary - Arthritis and Other Rheumatic Diseases

Online medical glossary of terms relating to arthritis and other rheumatic diseases written for patients and consumers

Glossary - Genitourinary and Kidney Disorders

Glossary of terms relating to genitourinary and kidney disorders in children

Glossary - Travel Medicine

Glossary of terms relating to travel medicine

Growth and Development

Children with congenital heart disease often grow and develop more slowly than other children.

Higher Doses of Radiation Often Needed for Obese, Overweight Patients

< Jul. 01, 2009 > -- New research indicates that people who are overweight and obese are usually given higher-than-normal doses of radiation in order to obtain usable X-ray images, even though the long-term effects are unknown.

Lung Cancer

Detailed information on lung cancer, lung cancer symptom, lung cancer treatment, lung cancer sign, lung cancer medication, malignant lung tumor, lung cancer cause, benign lung tumor, lung cancer risk factor, lung cancer prevention

More People Found to be Living with Paralysis

< Apr. 22, 2009 > -- A new survey released this week shows that one in 50 Americans, or 5.6 million people, live with some form of paralysis.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Detailed information on obstructive sleep apnea, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Overview of the Vascular System

Detailed information on vascular conditions, including a description of the vascular system, causes and effects of vascular disease, and a full-color anatomical illustration

Preventing Falls

About 75 percent of all falls occur at home. Taking certain precautions and exercising to stay physically strong can prevent many of them.

Problems With Vision

Eye disorders in children are either refractive or non-refractive errors. Refractive errors are those caused by the shape of the eye. Non-refractive errors are caused by disease.

Spinal Cord Injury

Detailed information on acute spinal cord injury, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and spinal cord injury rehabilitation

Survival During Cardiac Arrest May Depend on Noisy Breathing

A connection between noisy breathing and increased survival rates when someone is suffering sudden cardiac arrest.has been made by researchers.

Topic Index - Cardiovascular Diseases

Detailed information on the most common types cardiovascular diseases, including symptoms, prevention, diagnostic, implantable cardioverter defibrillators, ICDs, and treatment information

X-rays of the Spine, Neck, or Back (tests & procedures)

This procedure may be used to diagnose back or neck pain, fractures or broken bones, arthritis, degeneration of the disks, tumors, or other problems.

Abdominal Angiogram (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on abdominal angiogram, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, and after care

Diabetes and Pregnancy

It's important for a woman with diabetes to keep her blood sugar under tight control while she's pregnant.

Eisenmenger's Syndrome

Eisenmenger?s syndrome primarily affects adolescents and adults with congenital heart defects that were repaired after their first birthday or that were never repaired.

Glossary - Dermatology

Glossary of terms relating to dermatology and common skin conditions for patients and consumers

Glossary - Medical Genetics

Glossary of terms relating to medical genetics

Glossary - Orthopedic Surgery

Glossary of terms relating to orthopedics

Glossary - Plastic Surgery

Glossary of terms relating to plastic surgery

Glossary - Urology

Glossary of terms relating to urology

Labor

Labor usually starts two weeks before or after the estimated date of delivery. No one knows exactly what triggers the onset of labor.

Laminectomy (tests & procedures)

Laminectomy is a type of surgery in which a physician removes part or all of the vertebral bone to relieve compression of the spinal cord or the nerve roots.

Overview of Labor

Labor usually starts two weeks before or after the estimated date of delivery. However, no one knows exactly what triggers the onset of labor.

Peripheral Vascular Disease

Detailed information on peripheral vascular disease, including symptoms, diagnostic, and treatment information

Renal Angiogram (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on renal angiogram, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of the kidney

Varicose Veins

Detailed information on varicose veins, including causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and full-color anatomical illustrations

Vital Signs (Body Temperature, Pulse Rate, Respiration Rate, Blood Pressure)

Vital signs are useful in detecting or monitoring medical problems. Vital signs can be measured in a medical setting, at home, at the site of a medical emergency, or elsewhere.

Corrective Eye Surgery for Refractive Errors

Detailed information on the most common types of corrective eye surgery for refractive errors, including lasik surgery, photorefractive keratectomy surgery, radial keratotomy surgery, astigmatic keratotomy surgery, and automated lamellar keratoplasty surg

Glossary - The Child Having Surgery

Glossary of terms relating to surgery in children

Femoral Popliteal Bypass Surgery (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on femoral popliteal bypass surgery and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the femoral artery, including the reasons and preparation for the procedures, risks of the procedures, how the procedures are performed, after care, and anatomical illustrations of the circulation of the legs and femoral popliteal occlusion

Quick Links

OHSU Healthcare Topic Search: brain

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Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Brain (tests & procedures)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Spine and Brain (tests & procedures)

Craniotomy (tests & procedures)

Endovascular Coiling (tests & procedures)

Carotid Endarterectomy / Carotid Angioplasty with Stenting (podcast)

Cerebral Aneurysm (animation)

Gamma Knife (podcast)

Stroke: Causes (animation)

Electroencephalogram (EEG) (tests & procedures)

Cerebral Arteriogram (tests & procedures)

Evoked Potentials Studies (tests & procedures)

Lumbar Puncture (LP) (tests & procedures)

Positron Emission Tomography (PET Scan) (tests & procedures)

X-rays of the Skull (tests & procedures)

Electronystagmography (ENG) (tests & procedures)

Oculoplethysmography (OPG) (tests & procedures)

Sleep Study (tests & procedures)