OHSU Healthcare Topic Search: Heart Surgery

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Robotic Cardiac Surgery

Robotic cardiac surgery is a form of heart surgery performed through tiny incisions in the chest. Thanks to the use of tiny instruments and robotic devices, surgeons are able to perform several types of heart surgery in a way that is much less invasive than other types of heart surgery.

Cardiac Catheterization Animation (animation)

Often called cardiac cath, this procedure can diagnose certain heart conditions and provide valuable information about your heart function. It may be performed to assess the coronary arteries, heart valves, and function of the heart muscle. A cardiac cath may also help determine the need for future heart surgery or other treatments.

Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) and Stent Placement (tests & procedures)

During percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), a special catheter (long hollow tube) is inserted into coronary arteries that are blocked as a result of coronary artery disease (CAD), restoring arterial blood flow to the heart tissue without open-heart surgery.

Glossary - The Child Having Surgery

Glossary of terms relating to surgery in children

Hip, Knee Replacement Raises Heart Attack Risk

< Jul. 25, 2012 > -- Getting a new hip or knee is an increasingly common procedure in the U.S., but a new study warns that people who have these surgeries have a 30 times greater chance of a heart attack within two weeks afterward.

Heart Valve Repair or Replacement Surgery (tests & procedures)

Heart valve repair or replacement surgery is a treatment option when the heart valves become damaged or diseased and do not function properly.

Femoral Popliteal Bypass Surgery (tests & procedures)

Femoral popliteal (also called femoropopliteal) bypass surgery is a surgical procedure that may be used to treat severe blockage due to plaque in the femoral artery. The femoral and popliteal arteries are located in the legs.

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG) (tests & procedures)

Coronary artery bypass surgery is performed to treat a blockage or narrowing of one or more of the coronary arteries, thus restoring the blood supply to the heart muscle.

Truncus Arteriosus

Truncus arteriosus occurs when the aorta and the pulmonary artery fail to separate completely during fetal development.

Atrioventricular Canal (AV Canal or AVC)

AV canal is a complex heart problem that involves several abnormalities of structures inside the heart.

Bacterial Endocarditis

Bacterial endocarditis is an infection of the lining of the heart. This infection can occur in anyone who has congenital heart disease.

Tests Performed Before Surgery

Many surgeons order routine laboratory tests before admission to the hospital, or even before certain outpatient procedures, to identify potential problems that might complicate surgery if not detected and treated early.

Types of Anesthesia and Your Anesthesiologist

During surgery, you will be given some form of anesthesia—medication administered for the relief of pain and sensation during surgery. The type and dosage of anesthesia is determined by the anesthesiologist.

Glossary - Transplantation

Glossary of terms relating to transplantation in children

Lung Transplantation in Children

Detailed information on lung transplant, including why a lung transplant is recommended, what is involved in lung transplant surgery, and long-term outlook for a child after a lung transplant

Pulmonary Stenosis

Pulmonary stenosis affects the leaflets of the pulmonary valve, making it difficult for blood to flow from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Mediastinoscopy (tests & procedures)

A mediastinoscopy is a surgical procedure performed to examine the mediastinum - the space behind the sternum (breastbone) in the middle of the chest that separates the two lungs.

Glossary - Cardiovascular Disorders

Glossary of terms relating to cardiovascular disorders in children

Glossary - Men's Health

Glossary of terms relating to men's health

Pulmonary Atresia (PA)

PA is a serious heart defect in which the pulmonary valve does not allow blood to flow from the heart to the lungs to pick up oxygen.

Coarctation of the Aorta

Coarctation of the aorta refers to a narrowing of the aorta that restricts the amount of oxygen-rich blood that can travel to the lower part of the body.

Heart Valve Repair or Replacement Surgery Podcast

Detailed information on heart valve repair or replacement surgery, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomic illustration of the valves of the heart.

Lung Transplantation Procedure (tests & procedures)

In a lung transplant, one or both diseased lungs are removed and replaced with a healthy lung from another person.

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) / Thrombophlebitis

Detailed information on deep vein thrombosis and thrombophlebitis, including causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and full-color anatomical illustrations

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

An atrial septal defect is an opening in the dividing wall between the two upper chambers of the heart known as the right and left atria.

Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Detailed information on chronic venous insufficiency, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and full-color anatomical illustrations

Cesarean Delivery (tests & procedures)

Cesarean delivery is the surgical delivery of a baby by an incision through the mother's abdomen and uterus. This procedure is performed when it is determined to be a safer method than a vaginal delivery for the mother, baby, or both.

Glossary - Surgical Care

Glossary of terms relating to surgery

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)

A ventricular septal defect is an opening in the dividing wall between the two lower chambers of the heart known as the right and left ventricles.

Cardiac Procedures

These procedures are often used in the evaluation and treatment of cardiovascular disease.

Heart Valve Diseases

Heart valves can malfunction on one of two ways: They can fail to close completely, allowing blood to flow backward, or they can become damaged, limiting blood flow.

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a combination of several abnormalities of the heart and great blood vessels.

Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

In this condition, the four pulmonary veins are connected somewhere besides the left atrium.

Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA)

Because of abnormal development of the fetal heart, the large vessels that take blood away from the heart to the lungs, or to the body, are improperly connected.

Tricuspid Atresia (TA)

In tricuspid atresia, the tricuspid valve, normally located between the right atrium and the right ventricle, does not develop properly.

Carotid Endarterectomy/Carotid Angioplasty with Stenting (tests & procedures)

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) may be performed to treat a blockage or narrowing of the carotid arteries, thus improving blood supply to the brain. Carotid artery angioplasty with stenting (CAS) is a procedure currently being used on selected patients who are at high risk for surgery.

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair (tests & procedures)

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair is a procedure used to treat an aneurysm (abnormal enlargement) of the abdominal aorta, which may be performed surgically through an open incision or in a minimally-invasive procedure called endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).

Tetralogy of Fallot

Tetralogy of Fallot is a complex condition of several congenital heart defects.

Lung Biopsy (tests & procedures)

A lung biopsy is a procedure in which tissue samples are removed with a special needle to determine if cancer or other abnormal cells are present.

Intensive Care

Intensive care is needed for children who have had certain types of major surgery: heart operations, organ transplants, or neurosurgery.

New Strategy May Find Heart Attacks Quickly

Millions of Americans end up in the ER each year with chest pain, and doctors need to know as soon as possible if that chest pain means a heart attack. A common blood test may be able to provide a definitive answer within an hour.

Heart Transplantation Procedure (tests & procedures)

A heart transplant is a surgical procedure performed to remove the diseased heart from a patient and replace it with a healthy one from an organ donor.

After Surgery: Discomforts and Complications

Detailed information on postoperative discomforts and potential complications, including shock, hemorrhage, wound infection, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary complications, urinary retention, and reaction to anesthesia

Aortic Stenosis

Aortic stenosis affects the amount of blood that can flow from the left ventricle to the aorta. Symptoms vary with the degree of blockage.

Metabolic Syndrome

Most people who have metabolic syndrome have insulin resistance. This may be a beginning of the development of type 2 diabetes.

Rheumatic Heart Disease

Rheumatic heart disease is a condition in which the heart valves have been permanently damaged by rheumatic fever.

The Day of Surgery/Getting Ready For Surgery/The Operating Room

Detailed information on the day of surgery and what to expect in the operating room

Types of Surgery for Children

Surgery can be classified as major or minor, depending on the seriousness of the illness, the parts of the body affected, the complexity of the operation, and the expected recovery time.

Ventricular Fibrillation

Ventricular fibrillation is a dangerous, potentially life-threatening heart rhythm problem. This type of arrhythmia can cause the heart to stop beating abruptly and lead to death within minutes.

Congenital Heart Defects

When the heart or blood vessels near the heart do not develop normally before birth, a condition called congenital heart defect occurs.

Treatment for Stroke

Although there is no cure for stroke, advanced medical and surgical treatments are now available, giving many stroke victims hope for optimal recovery.

Echocardiography (Echo)

Detailed information on a echocardiography (echo) procedure, including how the procedure is performed, reasons for the procedure, and pre- and post-evaluation instructions

Chest X-ray (tests & procedures)

A chest X-ray is used to examine the chest and the lungs and other organs and structures located in the chest.

Chest X-Ray and Children

Detailed information on chest x-rays, including reasons for the procedure

Congenital Heart Disease

Heart problems are the most common kind of birth defects. While children with some heart defects can be monitored by a doctor and treated with medicine, others will need to have surgery.

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG) Podcast

One way to treat blocked or narrowed arteries is to bypass the blocked portion of the coronary artery with another piece of blood vessel.

Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that includes a combination of birth defects, including some degree of mental retardation, characteristic facial features and, often, heart defects.

Laser Varicose Vein Surgery

Sometimes your veins can become swollen and bulging. These are called varicose veins.

Obesity

Detailed information on obesity, including obesity causes, obesity health effects, obesity medical treatment, obesity surgical treatment, maintaining weight loss, and obesity prevention

Pericarditis in Children

Pericarditis is inflammation or infection of the pericardium, the thin sac that surrounds the heart.

Pulmonary Embolism

Detailed information on pulmonary embolism, including a description of a pulmonary embolism and the circulatory system, symptoms, risk factors, causes, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and 4 labeled, full-color anatomical illustrations

The Operating Room

Your child will need to know that people in the operating room will be wearing surgical clothes to help prevent germs from infecting the surgical incision.

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

Detailed information on thoracic aortic aneurysms, including description of a thoracic aortic aneurysm, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and full-color anatomical illustrations

Transesophageal Echocardiogram (tests & procedures)

A transesophageal echocardiogram uses sound wave (ultrasound) technology to examine heart function. By inserting a probe with a transducer down the esophagus rather than placing the transducer on the chest, physicians get a clearer image of the heart because the sound waves do not have to pass through skin, muscle, or bone tissue.

BPD/DS Weight-Loss Surgery

BPD/DS is a complex weight-loss surgery that may be recommended for people who are extremely obese and have failed to lose weight through other treatments.

Glossary - Heart Center

Glossary of terms relating to cardiovascular disease and heart healthy living

Glossary - Otolaryngology

Glossary of terms relating to ear, nose, and throat disorders for patients and consumers

Liver Transplantation in Children

Detailed information on liver transplantation in children

Liver Transplantation Procedure (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on liver transplantation, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, and an anatomical illustration of the liver

Lobectomy (tests & procedures)

A lobectomy is a surgical procedure that removes one of the lobes of the lungs.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

PDA is a heart problem in which the connection between the aorta and pulmonary artery remains open after birth, instead of closing as it should.

Peripheral Vascular Disease

Detailed information on peripheral vascular disease, including symptoms, diagnostic, and treatment information

Aneurysm

Detailed information on the dangers of aneurysm, how an aneurysm develops, and aneurysm diagnosis

Blood Transfusions

Detailed information on blood transfusion, including the components of blood and potential risks involved in a blood transfusion

Blood Transfusions in Children

If your child's doctor decides that your child needs blood or blood products, he or she will explain the reasons for the transfusion.

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) uses pulses of electricity to help the ventricles, or the two lower chambers of the heart, beat as they should.

Coronary Heart Disease

A person with coronary heart disease has an accumulation of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries. These deposits narrow the arteries and can decrease or block the flow of blood to the heart.

Heart Transplantation in Children

Detailed information on heart transplant, including why a heart transplant is recommended, what is involved in heart transplant surgery, and long-term outlook for a child after a heart transplant

Pancreatitis

Detailed information on pancreatitis, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Sick Sinus Syndrome

Sick sinus syndrome is a type of abnormal heartbeat, or arrhythmia. If you have this condition, you may have episodes when your heart beats very slowly, stops beating for a short while, or beats very rapidly.

Surgery For Cancer Treatment

One type of surgery for cancer is curative. This procedure removes the cancerous tumor or growth from the body. Surgeons use curative surgery when the cancerous tumor is in one specific area of the body. This type of treatment is often considered the primary treatment, but other types of cancer treatments, such as radiation, may be used before or after the surgery.

Craniotomy (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on craniotomy, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, an anatomical illustration of the anatomy of the brain, and an illustration of an example of a craniotomy procedure

Glossary - Cardiovascular Diseases

Glossary of terms relating to cardiovascular disease and heart healthy living

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Detailed information on abdominal aortic aneurysms, including description of abdominal aortic aneurysm, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and full-color anatomical and procedure illustrations

Care of the Baby in the Delivery Room

A newborn baby is wet from the amniotic fluid and can easily become cold. Drying the baby and using warm blankets and heat lamps can help prevent heat loss. Often a knitted hat is placed on the baby's head.

Conditions of Concern to Men

Detailed information on the most common health concerns for men, including male breast cancer, gynecomastia, colorectal cancer, erectile dysfunction (impotence), hair loss, heart attack, high blood pressure (hypertension), insomnia, low back pain, inferti

Diaphragmatic Hernia

A diaphragmatic hernia is a birth defect in which an opening is present in the diaphragm. Some of the organs that are normally found in the abdomen move up into the chest cavity through this abnormal opening.

EKG/ECG

Detailed information on electrocardiogram, including how the EKG/ECG is performed and what happens after the procedure

Gas in the Digestive Tract

Detailed information on gas in the digestive tract, including a list of foods that cause gas, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

Growth and Development

Children with congenital heart disease often grow and develop more slowly than other children.

Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus is a condition in which a buildup of fluid in the brain causes the pressure inside of the head to increase and the skull bones to expand to a larger-than-normal appearance.

Lymphedema Following a Mastectomy

Whenever the normal drainage pattern in the lymph nodes is disturbed or damaged—often during surgery to remove the lymph nodes—the arm may swell. This swelling, caused by too much fluid, is called lymphedema.

Online Resources - Cardiovascular Diseases

List of Internet sites with information about cardiovascular diseases

Online Resources - Diabetes

List of online resources to find additional information on diabetes

Online Resources - Men's Health

List of online resources to find additional information on men's health

Online Resources - Women's Health

List of online resources to find additional information on women's health

Physiatrist

The physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation is called a physiatrist.

Pulmonary Function Tests (tests & procedures)

Pulmonary function tests measure how well your lungs are functioning and are used to help diagnose certain lung disorders.

Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Weight-Loss Surgery

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is a type of weight-loss surgery that reduces the size of your stomach to a small pouch – about the size of an egg. It does this by stapling off a section of it.

Topic Index - Men's Health

Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a type of arteriosclerosis caused by a build-up of plaque in the inner lining of an artery.

Cardiac Diagnostic Tests

Here's a look at just a few of the tests that have been used or are being used to understand and identify cardiovascular disease.

Cardiac Rehabilitation

Cardiac rehabilitation programs can be conducted while a person is a hospital inpatient or on an outpatient basis.

Pericarditis

Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium, the thin sac (membrane) that surrounds the heart.

Topic Index - Cardiovascular Diseases

Detailed information on the most common types cardiovascular diseases, including symptoms, prevention, diagnostic, implantable cardioverter defibrillators, ICDs, and treatment information

Toxic Megacolon

A toxic megacolon is a rare yet life-threatening complication of severe colon disease or infection. It is diagnosed when your colon has expanded by more than five to six centimeters.

22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

22q11.2 deletion syndrome is a genetic disorder marked by hypoparathyroidism, certain heart defects, and a cleft lip or palate.

Amputation Procedure (tests & procedures)

Amputation is the surgical removal of a leg or arm, or a part of one - such as a toe, finger, foot, or hand - usually as a result of injury, disease, or infection.

Electrocardiogram (EKG) / Stress Test / Holter Monitor

Detailed information on an electrocardiogram (EKG) procedure, including how the procedure is performed, reasons for the procedure, and pre- and post-evaluation instructions

Gastric Stapling (Restrictive) Surgery

Gastric stapling surgery is a type of weight loss surgery that limits the amount of food a person can eat.

Heart Attack

A heart attack occurs when the blood supply is cut off from the heart muscle, usually because of a blood clot. Without blood and oxygen, the muscle cells are damaged and die.

Kidney Scan (tests & procedures)

A kidney scan uses nuclear radiology to assess the function and structure of the kidneys, as well as blood flow to the kidney tissue.

Lung Scan (tests & procedures)

A lung scan is a procedure that uses nuclear radiology to assess the function and structure of the lungs. It is most often performed when problems with the lungs and respiratory tract are suspected.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Detailed information on obstructive sleep apnea, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Pleural Biopsy (tests & procedures)

A pleural biopsy is a procedure in which a sample of the pleura (the membrane that surrounds the lungs) is removed with a special biopsy needle or during surgery to determine if disease, infection, or cancer is present.

Antimyocardial Antibody

This test checks the level of a certain antibody in your blood that can indicate heart damage. The antibodies show up before symptoms appear.

Blood Tests

Detailed information on blood tests used to diagnosis heart disease

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Brain (tests & procedures)

CT scans of the brain can provide detailed information about brain tissue and brain structures than standard x-rays of the head, thus providing more information related to injuries and/or diseases of the brain.

Discharge from the Hospital

Even after minor surgery, some children will remain in the hospital overnight for observation and to receive medications to help with pain or to prevent infection.

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is the condition in which the thyroid is underactive—producing too little thyroid hormone.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Spine and Brain (tests & procedures)

MRI may be used to examine the brain and/or spinal cord for injuries or the presence of structural abnormalities or certain other conditions, including tumors or aneurysms.

Online Resources - Heart Center

List of online resources to find additional information on heart disease

Pheochromocytoma

Detailed information on pheochromocytoma, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Positron Emission Tomography (PET Scan) (tests & procedures)

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a specialized radiology procedure used to examine various body tissues to identify certain conditions. PET may also be used to follow the progress of the treatment of certain conditions.

Recovering From Surgery/Intensive Care

Detailed information on recovering from surgery and intensive care

Recursos en la Red - Diabetes

Recursos en la Red - Enfermedades Cardiovasculares

Recursos en la Red - Salud de Mujeres

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH)

Detailed information on syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Topic Index - Women's Health

Detailed information on healthcare for women, including information on breast health, colorectal cancer, diabetes, gynecological concerns, heart attack, hysterectomy, infertility, menopause, mental health, osteoporosis, skin cancer, and urinary conditions

Treating Sleep Apnea May Help Men’s Sex Life

Younger men who have sleep apnea often also have erectile dysfunction. But researchers say that treating the sleep disorder has a side benefit: It may boost sexual performance.

Venous Ulcers

Ulcers can affect any area of the skin but commonly occur on the legs. Leg ulcers caused by circulation problems with the veins in the legs are known as venous ulcers.

Pain Relievers May Raise Risk for 2nd Heart Attack

Taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory pain relievers after a heart attack may raise your risk for a second heart attack, even several years afterward, a new study says.

Pancreas Transplantation

Pancreas transplantation is a type of surgery in which you receive a healthy donor pancreas. It is an option for some people with type 1 diabetes.

Varicoceles

Varicoceles are enlargements of veins in the scrotum. Varicoceles most often occur during puberty and affect as many as 10 to 15 percent of all boys.

Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) Insertion (tests & procedures)

During this procedure, an electronic device is inserted into the chest to help regulate electrical problems with the heart by providing either anti-tachycardia pacing (ATP) or shock therapy to prevent sudden cardiac arrest.

Pacemaker Insertion (tests & procedures)

During a pacemaker insertio, a small electronic device is implanted in the chest (just below the collarbone) to help regulate electrical problems with the heart.

Gastric Bypass (Malabsorptive) Surgery

Gastric bypass surgery involves bypassing a part of the small intestine that absorbs nutrients. For this reason, these surgeries are referred to as malabsorptive procedures.

Gastric Bypass (Malabsorptive) Surgery Procedure (tests & procedures)

Bariatric surgery is a procedure that alters the process of digestion and is currently the best treatment option for producing lasting weight loss in obese patients when traditional methods have not been effective.

Gastric Stapling (Restrictive) Surgery Procedure (tests & procedures)

Gastric stapling (restrictive) surgery is a type of bariatric surgery (weight loss surgery) procedure in which surgical staples are used to divide the stomach into two smaller sections, strictly limiting the amount of food a person can eat.

Valvuloplasty (tests & procedures)

During a valvuloplasty, a catheter is threaded through a vein to the heart where a balloon is used to open a stiff valve. Once opened, the balloon and catheter are removed.

Adrenal Tumors / Pheochromocytoma

Detailed information on adrenal gland tumors and pheochromocytoma, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Aisle Seat Better for Preventing Blood Clots

< Feb. 08, 2012 > -- Next time you book a flight, you might want to pick an aisle seat instead of one next to the window.

Albumin (Blood)

This test measures the amount of the protein albumin in your blood. The test can help diagnose liver and kidney problems.

Anemia

Detailed information on anemia, including symptoms, diagnosis, causes, types, and treatment

Anemia of B12 Deficiency (Pernicious Anemia)

Detailed information on megaloblastic (pernicious) anemia, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Chronic Liver Disease/Cirrhosis

Detailed information on cirrhosis, chronic liver disease, and fibrosis, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

D-Dimer

This test is used to rule out whether you have a blood clot. When blood clots form and start to break down, they release the substance D-dimer into the blood.

Diarrhea

Detailed information on diarrhea, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Glossary - Growth and Development

Glossary of terms relating to growth and development of children

Hyperthyroidism in Pregnancy

Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism has many effects. It may lead to preterm birth and low birthweight. It may also bring on pregnancy-induced high bloo pressure.

Intraventricular Hemorrhage

If your baby is born prematurely, there are many worries that likely go through your mind. One of the things that can happen is bleeding on the brain. Read on to learn about this and what doctors can do help your baby.

Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding

Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is one of the least invasive operations available for obesity. It is also one of the more effective.

Myoglobin (Urine)

This test measures a protein called myoglobin in your urine. The test can help find out whether your muscle tissue has been injured.

Outpatient Rehabilitation

If you’re recovering from an illness, surgery, or injury and need outpatient rehabilitation, this means you’ll receive one or more types of therapy after you’ve been discharged from a hospital or clinic.

Overview of Anemia

Anemia is a common blood disorder that occurs when there are fewer red blood cells than normal or there is a low concentration of hemoglobin in the blood.

Overview of Renal Failure in Children

Detailed information on renal failure, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Physical Rehabilitation at the Hospital

If you are in the hospital recovering from surgery, healing from an injury, or being treated for a disabling medical condition, physical rehabilitation may be an important part of your treatment.

Porphyrins (Urine)

This test looks for substances called porphyrins in your urine. If high levels are present, you may have a disease that affects the way the hemoglobin in your blood works.

Potassium

This test measures the amount of potassium in your blood. It's often part of a routine blood test to check your level of electrolytes.

Sympathectomy

During a sympathectomy, a surgeon cuts or clamps the sympathetic nerve chain runs up and down along your spine. This procedure is used to treat heavy sweating in the palms of the hands, the face, the underarms, and feet, as well as to treat facial blushing and Raynaud phenomenon.

The Day of Surgery

Before coming to the hospital, remove any watches, necklaces, or earrings that your child wears and leave them at home so they are not misplaced.

Transesophageal Echocardiography

Detailed information on transesophageal echocardiography, also called TEE or heart scan with endoscopy, including reasons for the procedure, risks of the procedure, what to expect, and discharge instructions

Ultrafast CT (Computed Tomography) Scan

Detailed information on ultrafast computed tomography scans, also called ultrafast CT scan or ultrafast CAT scan, including information on how the procedure is performed

Glossary - Digestive Disorders

Glossary of terms relating to digestive disorders for patients and consumers

Glossary - Women's Center

Glossary of terms relating to women's health

Blood Clotting Disorders in Children

Clotting disorders are a group of conditions in which people are more likely than normal to experience excessive clotting. The medical term for this is thrombophilia. These disorders may first be spotted in childhood but are usually identified in adolescence and young adulthood.

Carotid Artery Duplex Scan (tests & procedures)

A carotid artery duplex scan is used to assess blockage or narrowing of the carotid arteries of the neck and/or the branches of the carotid artery.

Cast Types and Maintenance Instructions

The outside of a cast can be made of plaster or fiberglass. Cotton and synthetic materials line the inside of the cast to make it soft and to provide padding around bony areas, such as the wrist or elbow.

Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic bronchitis is a long-term inflammation of the bronchi, which results in increased production of mucus.

Dermatomyositis

Dermatomyositis is a rare disease marked by increasing muscle weakness, skin rash and inflammation, and swelling of the eyelids.

Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery

The pituitary gland is located at the bottom of your brain and above the inside of your nose. Endoscopic pituitary surgery is the most common surgery used to remove pituitary tumors.

Gastric Banding Surgery for Teens

Gastric banding is a form of bariatric surgery. It is used to treat people with severe obesity who have trouble losing weight through diet or exercise alone.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Guillain-Barré syndrome is a neurological disorder in which the body's immune system attacks part of the peripheral nervous system. The disorder usually occurs a few days or weeks after a person has had symptoms of a respiratory or gastrointestinal viral infection.

Heart Block

When you have heart block, there is interference with the electrical signals that usually move from the top chambers of your heart (the atria) to the bottom chambers of your heart (the ventricles), telling it when to beat. This is known as a conduction disorder.

Hypnosis

Hypnosis is an altered, relaxed state of mind, often used to help learn to control bad habits, pain, and stress.

Iron-Deficiency Anemia

Detailed information on aplastic anemia, including cause, symptom, diagnosis, and treatment

Metatarsus Adductus

Metatarsus adductus is a common foot deformity noted at birth that causes the front half of the foot, or forefoot, to turn inward.

Myoglobin (Blood)

This test measures the amount of a protein called myoglobin in your blood. It’s done to help diagnose conditions caused by muscle damage, including heart attack.

Necrotizing Enterocolitis

This condition appears to develop when the intestines are weakened by too little oxygen or blood. The weakened tissues can become severely damaged and die, which causes a hole in the intestinal wall.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta in Children

Osteogenesis imperfecta is also known as brittle-bone disease because it is characterized by bones that break easily without a specific cause.

Osteosarcoma

Detailed information on osteosarcoma, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Postpartum Hemorrhage

Postpartum hemorrhage is excessive bleeding after the birth of a baby. Most postpartum hemorrhage occurs right after delivery, but it can occur later as well.

Pulmonary Emphysema

Emphysema is a chronic lung condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged or destroyed. This damage is irreversible.

Study Finds Obesity ‘Switch’ Surgery More Effective

< Sep. 19, 2012 > -- Weight-loss surgery can help people who are severely obese shed the extra pounds, but one type of surgery seems to work better than others at keeping off the weight.

Topic Index - Diabetes

Detailed information on diabetes, including facts, statistics, types, diagnosis, complications, treatment, and management

Tracheoesophageal Fistula and Esophageal Atresia

Detailed information on tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Types of Stroke

Strokes are classified as either ischemic or hemorrhagic. Ischemic strokes are caused by blockage of an artery. Hemorrhagic strokes are caused by bleeding in the brain.

Acute Spinal Cord Injury

Many types of trauma can cause an acute spinal cord injury. The more common types occur when the area of the spine or neck is bent or compressed.

Acute Spinal Cord Injury in Children

Many types of trauma can cause an acute spinal cord injury. The more common types occur when the area of the spine or neck is bent or compressed.

Brain Abscess

A brain abscess is a rare infection in the brain caused by viruses or bacteria. Symptoms include fever, severe headache, and nausea or vomiting.

Cardiac Catheterization in Children

Detailed information on cardiac catheterization, including how is a cardiac catheterization performed and what happens after the test

Cardiac Sarcoma

Cardiac sarcoma is a rare type of cancerous tumor that occurs in the heart.

Cervical Disk Replacement Surgery

Cervical disk replacement surgery involves removing a diseased cervical disk and replacing it with an artificial disk.

Chronic Pain

Chronic pain is longstanding pain that persists beyond the usual recovery period or occurs along with a chronic health condition, such as arthritis.

Claudication

Detailed information on claudication, including causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and a labeled, full-color anatomical illustration

Clubfoot

Detailed information on clubfoot, including causes, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and cast care

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)

Detailed information on developmental dysplasia of the hip, including causes, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and cast care

Dilation and Curettage (D and C) (tests & procedures)

A dilation and curettage procedure, also called a D and C, is a surgical procedure in which the cervix is dilated so that the cervical canal and uterine lining can be scraped with a spoon-shaped instrument to remove abnormal tissues.

Dobutamine Stress Echocardiogram (tests & procedures)

A dobutamine stress echocardiogram is a diagnostic procedure in which an intravenous medication called dobutamine is used when an exercise stress test is not recommended. Dobutamine mimics the effects of exercise on the heart.

Electrocardiogram (tests & procedures)

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a simple and fast procedure that is used to evaluate the electrical activity of the heart, which is measured in "waves." Variations in the waves may indicate problems with the heart.

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (tests & procedures)

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure used to diagnose structural or functional abnormalities of the esophagus, stomach, and/or duodenum.

Exercise Echocardiogram (tests & procedures)

An exercise echocardiogram is a procedure in which ultrasound, or sound wave technology, is used to asses the heart's response to stress or exercise.

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER)

Hiccups. Belching. Stomachache. Sound like a case of heartburn? It isn’t an adults-only condition. If your baby has some of these symptoms, she may have gastroesophageal reflux. If feeding changes don’t bring relief, your doctor may prescribe medications to help.

Glossary - Arthritis and Other Rheumatic Diseases

Online medical glossary of terms relating to arthritis and other rheumatic diseases written for patients and consumers

Glossary - Pathology

Glossary of terms relating to pathology and laboratory science

Heart Conditions in Adults - FAQ

Frequently asked questions regarding heart conditions in adults, including heart attack, cardiac arrhythmias, pacemakers, heart valve disease, Holter monitor, and cardiac rehabilitation

Heart Failure in Children

Detailed information on congestive heart failure, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Liver Tumors

Detailed information on liver tumors, including types, symptoms, staging, diagnosis, and treatment

Meningitis

Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the membranes that surround the brain. Most cases of meningitis are caused by viruses; bacterial meningitis is rare.

Muscular Dystrophy

Muscular dystrophy causes the muscles in the body to become very weak. The muscles break down and are replaced with fatty deposits over time.

Obesity Treatment Overview

Whatever treatment plan a person follows, losing weight slowly will be more effective and healthy over the long term.

Overview of Birth Defects

A "birth defect" is a health problem or physical change that is present in a baby at the time he/she is born.

Overview of Obesity

Obesity is a serious, chronic disease that can inflict substantial harm to a person’s health. Learn about obesity causes and obesity health effects.

Overview of the Vascular System

Detailed information on vascular conditions, including a description of the vascular system, causes and effects of vascular disease, and a full-color anatomical illustration

Oximetry (tests & procedures)

Oximetry is a procedure used to measure the oxygen level—or oxygen saturation—in the blood.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

PET is a type of nuclear medicine procedure that measures metabolic activity of the cells of body tissues. Used mostly in patients with brain or heart conditions and cancer, PET helps to visualize the biochemical changes taking place in the body.

Scoliosis in Children

Detailed information on scoliosis, including types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Treatment for Cancer

The specific treatment for your child's cancer will be determined by your child's doctor, based on a variety of factors, including the type of cancer and the extent of the disease.

Ultrafast Computed Tomography (Ultrafast CT Scan) (tests & procedures)

Ultrafast CT, or electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT) can take multiple images of the heart within the time of a single heartbeat, and can detect very small amounts of calcium within the heart and the coronary arteries.

Venogram (tests & procedures)

A combination of contrast dye and X-rays are used to visualize the veins in the legs in order to diagnose deep vein thrombosis and other conditions.

A Child Living with a Pacemaker or Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)

Detailed information on living with a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator

Appendectomy (tests & procedures)

A person's appendix is sugically removed if they develop appendicitis - an inflammation of the appendix caused by infection.

Arthroplasty (tests & procedures)

Arthroplasty is a surgical procedure that restores the function of a joint. A joint can be restored by resurfacing the bones, or by replacing it with an artificial joint.

Arthroscopy (tests & procedures)

Orthopedic surgeons use arthroscopy to diagnose and treat joint problems. An arthroscope is a small, tube shaped instrument that is used to look inside a joint.

Buerger’s Disease

Buerger’s disease (thromboangiitis obliterans) is one of many types of vasculitis. This is inflammation that involves your blood vessels.

Cholecystectomy (tests & procedures)

A cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder and is performed if it develops gallstones, becomes inflamed or infected, or is cancerous.

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Abdomen (tests & procedures)

A CT/CAT scan shows detailed images of any part of the body, including the bones, muscles, fat, organs, and blood vessels. CT/CAT scans are more detailed than standard x-rays and are used to assess the organs and tissues for for injuries, abnormalities, or disease.

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Bones (tests & procedures)

A CT scan shows detailed images of the bones, muscles, fat, and organs. CT scans are more detailed than standard X-rays.

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Chest (tests & procedures)

CT/CAT scans are more detailed than standard x-rays and are often used to assess the organs of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems,and esophagus, for injuries, abnormalities, or disease.

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Pancreas (tests & procedures)

CT/CAT scans are more detailed than standard x-rays and are often used to assess the pancreas for injuries, abnormalities, or disease.

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Spine (tests & procedures)

A CT scan of the spine may be performed to assess the spine for a herniated disk, tumors and other lesions, the extent of injuries, structural anomalies such as spina bifida, blood vessel malformations, or other conditions.

Cryotherapy for Prostate Conditions (tests & procedures)

Dysphagia

Detailed information on dysphagia, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Eisenmenger's Syndrome

Eisenmenger’s syndrome primarily affects adolescents and adults with congenital heart defects that were repaired after their first birthday or that were never repaired.

Friedreich’s Ataxia

Friedreich’s ataxia (FA) is a degenerative disease that damages your spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and the cerebellum portion of your brain.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)/Heartburn in Children

Detailed information on gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Glossary - Nontraumatic Emergencies

Glossary of terms relating to non-traumatic emergencies

Glossary - Orthopedic Surgery

Glossary of terms relating to orthopedics

Glossary - Plastic Surgery

Glossary of terms relating to plastic surgery

Glossary - Spine, Shoulder, and Pelvis Disorders

Glossary of terms relating to disorders of the spine, shoulder, and pelvis

Heart Failure

Heart failure, also called congestive heart failure, is a condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body's other organs.

Hemophilia

Detailed information on hemophilia, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Hip Replacement Surgery (tests & procedures)

Hip replacement surgery is a procedure in which a damaged hip joint is replaced with an artificial hip joint. It is most commonly recommended as a treatment for severe osteoarthritis or damage due to fracture.

Kidney Transplantation in Children

Detailed information on kidney transplant, including why a kidney transplant is recommended, what is involved in kidney transplant surgery, and long-term outlook for a child after a kidney transplant

Kidney Transplantation Procedure (tests & procedures)

A kidney transplant is a surgical procedure performed to replace a diseased kidney with a healthy kidney from another person.

Knee Ligament Repair (tests & procedures)

Knee ligament repair is used when a knee ligament is torn and results in instability in the knee.

Knee Replacement Surgery Procedure (tests & procedures)

Knee replacement surgery is a procedure in which the ends of the bones in the knee are capped with metal and plastic parts. It is most commonly used to treat severe osteoarthritis.

Laminectomy (tests & procedures)

Laminectomy is a type of surgery in which a physician removes part or all of the vertebral bone to relieve compression of the spinal cord or the nerve roots.

Laparoscopy (tests & procedures)

Laparoscopy is a procedure that utilizes a laparoscope, a thin flexible tube containing a video camera to examine the organs of the abdominal cavity.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Bones, Joints, and Soft Tissues (tests & procedures)

Magnetic resonance imaging uses a combination of a large magnet, radiofrequencies, and a computer to produce detailed images of structures within the body.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Heart (tests & procedures)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a diagnostic procedure that uses a combination of a large magnet, radiofrequencies, and a computer to produce detailed images of organs and structures within the body.

Myocardial Perfusion Scan, Resting (tests & procedures)

A resting myocardial perfusion scan in a procedure in which nuclear radiology is used to assess blood flow to the heart muscle and determine what areas have decreases blood flow.

Neurocutaneous Syndromes

Neurocutaneous syndrome is a broad term for a group of disorders. These diseases are life-long conditions that can cause tumors to grow inside the brain, spinal cord, organs, skin, and skeletal bones.

Neurocutaneous Syndromes in Children

Obesity in Adolescents

Children who are inactive—spending time watching TV or sitting at a computer—are at higher risk for obesity, especially when their diet contains lots of high-calorie foods and beverages.

Radical Prostatectomy (tests & procedures)

A prostatectomy is a surgical procedure for the partial or complete removal of the prostate. It may be performed to treat prostatic cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Recursos en la Red - Salud de Hombres

Rotator Cuff Repair (tests & procedures)

If the rotator cuff is injured, it may need to be repaired surgically. This may include shaving off bone spurs that are pinching the shoulder, or repairing torn tendons or muscles.

Stroke

Stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted. A blood clot can block one of the vital blood vessels in the brain or a blood vessel in the brain can burst, spilling blood into surrounding tissues.

Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) (tests & procedures)

A breast MRI is a procedure in which large magnets, radiofrequencies, and a computer are used to take detailed pictures of the breast in order to search for abnormalities that may signal the presence of cancer.

Cardiac Catheterization

Detailed information on a cardiac catheterization procedure, including how the procedure is performed, reasons for the procedure, and pre- and post-evaluation instructions

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Kidney (tests & procedures)

CT/CAT scans are more detailed than standard x-rays and are often used to assess the kidneys for injuries, abnormalities, or disease.

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Liver and Biliary Tract (tests & procedures)

CT/CAT scans are more detailed than standard x-rays and are often used to assess the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts for for injuries, abnormalities, or disease.

Endovascular Coiling (tests & procedures)

During endovascular coiling, a catheter is used to insert a small coil into an artery in the brain. The coil constricts the artery, blocking blood flow to an aneurysm.

Gamma Knife (tests & procedures)

Gamma Knife radiosurgery uses beams of highly focused gamma rays to treat small- to medium-sized lesions, usually in the brain.

Glossary - Hematology and Blood Disorders

Online medical glossary of terms relating to hematology and blood disorders written for patients and consumers

Glossary - Liver, Biliary, and Pancreatic Disorders

Glossary of terms relating to liver, biliary, and pancreatic disorders

Medical Management of Vascular Conditions

Detailed information on the medical management of vascular conditions, including description of the vascular system, risk factors for vascular conditions, causes of vascular conditions, medical management of risk factors, and full-color anatomical illustrations

Myocardial Perfusion Scan, Stress (tests & procedures)

A stress myocardial perfusion scan is used to assess the blood flow to the heart muscle when it is stressed by exercise or medication and to determine what areas have decreased blood flow.

Pulmonary Angiogram (tests & procedures)

A pulmonary angiogram is aa procedure that uses a combination of contrast dye and X-rays to examine the blood vessels in the lungs and evaluate blood flow to the lungs.

Renal Venogram (tests & procedures)

A renal venogram is a procedure in which contrast dye is combined with X-rays to examine the veins that carry blow away from the kidneys. It is often nused in conjunction with fluoroscopy.

Uterine Artery Embolization (tests & procedures)

This procedure, also be referred to as uterine fibroid embolization (UFE), is a minimally-invasive surgery that involves identifying which arteries supply blood to the fibroids and then blocking off those arteries.

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Detailed information on ankylosing spondylitis, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is a type of arrhythmia in which the electrical signals in the atria, or the two small chambers of the heart, are fired in a very fast and uncontrolled manner.

Atrial Flutter

Atrial flutter is a common type of arrhythmia, where your atria beat more quickly than they should. Although usually not life-threatening, the condition makes it difficult for your heart to pump blood efficiently.

Creatine Kinase (Blood)

This test measures the amount of a protein called creatine kinase (CK) in your blood. Levels of CK can rise after a heart attack or skeletal muscle injury.

Factor I

This test measures the amount of a protein called factor I, or fibrinogen, in your blood. It helps find out if you have a bleeding or clotting disorder.

Glossary - Oncology

Glossary of terms relating to cancer in children

Hematocrit

This test measures how much of your blood is made up of red blood cells. Too many or too few red blood cells can cause health problems.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Osteogenesis imperfecta is also known as brittle-bone disease because it is characterized by bones that break easily without a specific cause.

Pituitary Tumors

Detailed information on pituitary gland tumors, including symptoms, causes, types, diagnosis, and treatment

Portal Hypertension

Portal hypertension is high blood pressure of the portal vein, which is in your abdomen. It collects nutrient-rich blood from your intestines and carries it to the liver for cleaning.

Robotic Prostatectomy

Your prostate can be removed several ways. One way is for the surgeon to make several smaller cuts and removing the prostate using a tiny camera and surgical tools. This is called a laparoscopic prostatectomy. When a surgeon uses a robot during the procedure, it's known as a robotic prostatectomy.

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OHSU Healthcare Topic Search: Heart Surgery

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Cardiac Catheterization Animation (animation)

Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) and Stent Placement (tests & procedures)

Heart Valve Repair or Replacement Surgery (tests & procedures)

Femoral Popliteal Bypass Surgery (tests & procedures)

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG) (tests & procedures)

Mediastinoscopy (tests & procedures)

Lung Transplantation Procedure (tests & procedures)

Cesarean Delivery (tests & procedures)

Carotid Endarterectomy/Carotid Angioplasty with Stenting (tests & procedures)

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair (tests & procedures)

Lung Biopsy (tests & procedures)

Heart Transplantation Procedure (tests & procedures)

Chest X-ray (tests & procedures)

Transesophageal Echocardiogram (tests & procedures)

Liver Transplantation Procedure (tests & procedures)

Lobectomy (tests & procedures)

Craniotomy (tests & procedures)

Pulmonary Function Tests (tests & procedures)

Amputation Procedure (tests & procedures)

Kidney Scan (tests & procedures)

Lung Scan (tests & procedures)

Pleural Biopsy (tests & procedures)

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Brain (tests & procedures)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Spine and Brain (tests & procedures)

Positron Emission Tomography (PET Scan) (tests & procedures)

Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) Insertion (tests & procedures)

Pacemaker Insertion (tests & procedures)

Gastric Bypass (Malabsorptive) Surgery Procedure (tests & procedures)

Gastric Stapling (Restrictive) Surgery Procedure (tests & procedures)

Valvuloplasty (tests & procedures)