OHSU Healthcare Topic Search: Neurological Surgery Brain

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Parkinson's Disease (PD)

Parkinson's disease is the most common form of parkinsonism, a group of motor system disorders. PD is slowly progressing and degenerative.

Craniotomy  (tests & procedures)

Detailed information on craniotomy, including the reasons and preparation for the procedure, how the procedure is performed, after care, an anatomical illustration of the anatomy of the brain, and an illustration of an example of a craniotomy procedure

Epilepsy and Seizures

Epilepsy is one of the most common disorders of the nervous system and affects people of all ages, races, and ethnic backgrounds.

Seizures and Epilepsy in Children

A seizure occurs when parts of the brain receive a burst of abnormal electrical signals that temporarily interrupts normal electrical brain function.

Endovascular Neurosurgery and Interventional Neuroradiology

Endovascular neurosurgery is a subspecialty within neurosurgery that uses catheters and radiology to diagnose and treat various conditions and diseases of the central nervous system.

Neurological Surgery

Neurological surgery is used to treat disorders of the brain, spine, and nerves. The doctor who specializes in neurological surgery is called a neurosurgeon or neurological surgeon.

Overview of Nervous System Disorders in Children

The most common symptoms of nervous system disorders in children include delays in developmental milestones, an increase or lack of growth in head size, and a lack of coordination.

Doctors and Specialists

Detailed information on the physicians and specialists that treat disorders of the spine, shoulder, and pelvis

Deep Brain Stimulation

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a type of therapy that uses electrical stimulation to treat Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, multiple sclerosis, and certain other neurological conditions.

Gamma Knife  (tests & procedures)

Gamma Knife radiosurgery uses beams of highly focused gamma rays to treat small- to medium-sized lesions, usually in the brain.

Physiatrist

The physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation is called a physiatrist.

Overview of Nervous System Disorders

Disorders of the nervous system include stroke, infections such as meningitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and functional disorders such as headache and epilepsy.

Brain Tumors in Children

Brain tumors are the most common solid tumors in children. Brain tumors that occur in infants and children are very different from adult brain tumors, both in terms of the type of cells and the responsiveness to treatment.

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Brain  (tests & procedures)

CT scans of the brain can provide detailed information about brain tissue and brain structures than standard x-rays of the head, thus providing more information related to injuries and/or diseases of the brain.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Spine and Brain  (tests & procedures)

MRI may be used to examine the brain and/or spinal cord for injuries or the presence of structural abnormalities or certain other conditions, including tumors or aneurysms.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET Scan)  (tests & procedures)

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a specialized radiology procedure used to examine various body tissues to identify certain conditions. PET may also be used to follow the progress of the treatment of certain conditions.

Brain Tumors

A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue in the brain. The tumor can either originate in the brain itself or come from another part of the body and travel to the brain.

Chronic Pain

Chronic pain is longstanding pain that persists beyond the usual recovery period or occurs along with a chronic health condition, such as arthritis.

Hemophilia

Detailed information on hemophilia, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Acute Spinal Cord Injury

Many types of trauma can cause an acute spinal cord injury. The more common types occur when the area of the spine or neck is bent or compressed.

Acute Spinal Cord Injury in Children

Many types of trauma can cause an acute spinal cord injury. The more common types occur when the area of the spine or neck is bent or compressed.

Carotid Artery Duplex Scan  (tests & procedures)

A carotid artery duplex scan is used to assess blockage or narrowing of the carotid arteries of the neck and/or the branches of the carotid artery.

Chiari Malformation

A Chiari malformation is a birth defect in the area of the back of the head where the brain and spinal cord connect.

Glossary - Otolaryngology

Glossary of terms relating to ear, nose, and throat disorders for patients and consumers

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Guillain-Barré syndrome is a neurological disorder in which the body's immune system attacks part of the peripheral nervous system. The disorder usually occurs a few days or weeks after a person has had symptoms of a respiratory or gastrointestinal viral infection.

Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Spine  (tests & procedures)

A CT scan of the spine may be performed to assess the spine for a herniated disk, tumors and other lesions, the extent of injuries, structural anomalies such as spina bifida, blood vessel malformations, or other conditions.

Headache

Headaches vary greatly in terms of pain location, pain intensity, and how frequently they occur.

Headaches in Children

Many headaches in children may be caused by tight muscles and dilated blood vessels in the head. Other headaches may be caused by an actual problem, such as a tumor or malformation of the brain, although this is much less common.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

PET is a type of nuclear medicine procedure that measures metabolic activity of the cells of body tissues. Used mostly in patients with brain or heart conditions and cancer, PET helps to visualize the biochemical changes taking place in the body.

X-rays of the Skull  (tests & procedures)

X-rays of the skull may be performed to diagnose fractures of the bones of the skull, birth defects, tumors, and certain disorders that cause bone defects of the skull. Skull X-rays may also be used to evaluate the nasal sinuses and detect calcifications within the brain.

X-rays of the Spine, Neck, or Back  (tests & procedures)

This procedure may be used to diagnose back or neck pain, fractures or broken bones, arthritis, degeneration of the disks, tumors, or other problems.

Glossary - Growth and Development

Glossary of terms relating to growth and development of children

Head Injury in Children

The more common causes of head injury in children are falls, motor vehicle accidents—in which the child is either a passenger or a pedestrian—or a result of child abuse.

Neurocutaneous Syndromes

Neurocutaneous syndrome is a broad term for a group of disorders. These diseases are life-long conditions that can cause tumors to grow inside the brain, spinal cord, organs, skin, and skeletal bones.

Neurocutaneous Syndromes in Children

Neurocutaneous syndrome is a broad term for a group of disorders. These diseases are life-long conditions that can cause tumors to grow inside the brain, spinal cord, organs, skin, and skeletal bones.

Spina Bifida

Spina bifida can occur in the early weeks of pregnancy, before you even know you are expecting. That’s why your baby is depending on you to have healthy habits in place from the start. Learn more about the prevention and treatment of this birth defect.

Stroke

Stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted. A blood clot can block one of the vital blood vessels in the brain or a blood vessel in the brain can burst, spilling blood into surrounding tissues.

Topic Index - Nervous System Disorders

Here is a list of the most common types of neurological disorders, including acute spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and headaches.

Endovascular Coiling  (tests & procedures)

During endovascular coiling, a catheter is used to insert a small coil into an artery in the brain. The coil constricts the artery, blocking blood flow to an aneurysm.

Head Injury

A head injury can be as mild as a bump, bruise, or cut on the head, or can be moderate to severe because of a concussion, deep cut, fractured skull bone(s), or internal bleeding.

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Langerhans cell histiocytosis most often strikes young children and causes damage to tissues throughout the body.

Carotid Endarterectomy/Carotid Angioplasty with Stenting  (tests & procedures)

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) may be performed to treat a blockage or narrowing of the carotid arteries, thus improving blood supply to the brain. Carotid artery angioplasty with stenting (CAS) is a procedure currently being used on selected patients who are at high risk for surgery.

Cellulitis of the Eye in Children

Detailed information on orbital cellulitis and pre-septal cellulitis, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Acupuncture

Acupuncture is the practice of puncturing the skin with needles at certain anatomical points in the body to relieve specific symptoms associated with many diseases.

Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma is a cancerous tumor that begins in nerve tissue of infants and very young children. The abnormal cells are often found in the nerve tissue that is present in the unborn baby and later develops into a detectable tumor.