Objectives:

• Describe the cells in the pulp and the periapex involved in specific immunological reactions and nonspecific inflammatory reactions
• Understand the significance of these reactions in pulpal and periapical disease
• Describe the reactions that are protective and the reactions that are pathogenic

* Read and abstract:

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120.     Piattelli A, Rubini C, Iezzi G, Fioroni M. CD1a-positive cells in odontogenic cysts. J Endodon. 2002;28(4):267-8.
121.     Shin S-J, Lee J-I, Baek S-H, Lim S-S. Tissue levels of matrix metalloproteinases in pulps and periapical lesions. J Endodon. 2002;28(4):313-5.
122.     Ataoglu T, Ungor M, Serpek B, Haliloglu S, Ataoglu T, Üngör M, et al. Interleukin-1ß and tumor necrosis factor-(alpha) levels in periapical exudates. Int Endod J. 2002;25:181-5.
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124.     Ko HJ, Lim SSL. Production of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1(alpha) and MIP-1ß by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils stimulated with porphyromonas andodontalis lipoplysaccharide. J Endodon. 2002;28(11):754-7.
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134.     Trasatti C, Spears R, Gutmann JL, Opperman LA. Increased Tgf-ß1 production by rat osteoblasts in the presence of PepGen P-15 in vitro. J Endodon. 2004;30(4):213-7.
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142.     Zhang X, Peng B. Immunolocalization of receptor activator of NF Kappa B Ligand in rat periapical lesions. J Endodon. 2005;31(8):574-7.
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