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MD Program


Obstetrics & Gyncecology Clerkship
 
General Information

Director:
Meg O'Reilly, M.D., Associate Professor of Obstetrics & Gynecology

Contact:
Terri Welsh, Student Coordinator

Duration:
5 weeks

Locations:
Oregon Health & Science University Hospital (OB and GYN)
Good Samaritan Hospital (GYN)
Legacy Emanuel Hospital (OB and GYN)
Providence St. Vincent Hospital (OB and GYN)

Selection Process:
The student coordinator, Love Richardson, will contact you by e-mail approximately 3-4 weeks prior to the rotation, offering the opportunity to request an off-hill assignment. Since there are only eight students assigned per rotation to the local off-hill sites, it is typically necessary to determine the assignment by random drawing.

Clerkship Activities:
Students will be part of a ward team as well as participate in emergency room procedures and learn surgical skills.

  1. Course Content
    • Know how to take GYN history and do pelvic exam
    • Know how to take OB history and do exam
    • Know how to tie knots · Know how to do postpartum and post-ops rounds
    • Know how to evaluate patient for first OB visit, follow-up, and prep room OB visits
    • Do as many pelvic exams in clinic as possible
    • Do and see as many deliveries as possible
    • Observe GYN surgery; at least one abdominal hysterectomy, one laparoscopy, and a D&C
    • See patients in ER

      Course director provides each student during orientation with a detailed course information packet.

  2. Location of Clerkship Activity
    Practices are located in the Portland metro area. Students may have an opportunity to do their GYN rotation in Gold Beach.

  3. Student Responsibilities
    Attendance at all scheduled sessions, both in the classroom, clinic and OR.

  4. Teaching Rounds
    Attendance is required.

  5. Operating Room Activity
    Required.

  6. Conferences
    A series of conferences addressing major topics are scheduled on Fridays.

  7. Self-Education Opportunities
    Most of the learning on this clerkship is self-motivated and dependent on your commitment.

  8. Time on Clerkship/Night Call
    Daily each student will arrive by 6:30 a.m. and remain until work is done which is usually about 6:00 p.m. during OB; Students take night call on OB for one week (4-5 nights) 5:00 p.m. to approximately 8:30 a.m.; 7:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. on GYN service.

  9. Sleeping Quarters
    Call rooms are provided in each hospital.

  10. Evaluation Methods
    Attendance, attainment of a passing grade in clinical performance, presentations and OB/GYN final exam. There is a mid-term evaluation with the clerkship director.



Clerkship Videos


Clerkship Objectives

Performance objectives describe activities that you are expected to do during your clerkship. You will be asked to keep a log of these procedures and activities. At the end of the third week of the clerkship, you are asked to turn in copies of two clinical notes for the course director to review and return to you. At the end of the clerkship, we ask for a copy of your log. The log in no way influences your grade, but is our way to check that students are getting the expected experience during the clerkship.

Knowledge objectives outline the minimum knowledge of women's health care that we expect no matter what your future field will be. Within the bounds of available time and these objectives, you can decide to emphasize different aspects of the course, i.e. if you're going into radiology you may want to concentrate on ultrasounds, or if you're interested in cardiology you may want to concentrate more on the way pregnancy affects the heart or on diagnosis of congenital heart defects. You will have opportunities to pursue special interests in presentations among the students and for your teams.

Behavior objectives reiterate the professional behavior that we expect all providers of health care to attain.

Success on this rotation depends on good communication with your team. The schedule is complex. Let your teams know what interests you, and let them know where you are and what you are doing if it varies from your schedule. Don't tell your team what doesn't interest you.


Behavioral Objectives
  • Tell your team where you can be found. If you must miss scheduled activities or are late, call your team.
  • If you don't understand the schedule or the reason for the schedule discuss it with your team or with the course director or coordinator.
  • If you feel there is a personality conflict between you and a resident or attending, bring it to the course director early.
  • Make eye contact with your patients and with your team members.
  • Maintain confidentiality - i.e. h/o TAB, STD, HIV testing - look for and trust non-verbal cues about sensitive issues - when in doubt wait to ask until family members leave or withhold sensitive information when a family member is present.
  • If a patient states that she is uncomfortable with you, involve a resident or faculty in the discussion with the patient. If her behavior leaves doubt, it is preferable to reconfirm that the patient is comfortable rather than to continue with your interaction.
  • Always have a resident or faculty present when you do any intimate exam.
  • Be assertive in suggesting a plan of care to your team, but wait until the team has approved your plan before suggesting it to the patient.
  • Be responsible for your ideas and actions, be ready to explain why you chose a given plan. Aim to have a better reason than "I was told to do this".
  • When you are on the ob team, in order to gain continuity, it is OK to be late for or called away from clinic or postpartum rounds in order to attend a delivery. However, you must inform your team that you are doing this. Likewise, if you are in surgery or working up a patient in GYN clinic or ER and this will make you late for call, let your team know.
Performance Objectives

Knowledge & Skills Objectives

Instructional Strategies

Evaluation Methods

Documentation

Incorporate age appropriate counseling and screening tests into an annual exam.

Perform and document at least 3 annual exams, including breast and pelvic exam.

Counsel at least 5 women about contraception options.

Perform at least 3 Pap smears and look up results.

Review and co-sign note with resident and/or attending;

Resident/attending to observe and review.

Keep log of pelvic exams on your procedures card.

Understand indications for surgical management of gyn problems.

Write at least 1 H&P and admit orders for a surgical patient.

Attend and scrub in to at least 3 surgeries.

Review note and co-sign by resident and/or attending.

Enter cases into log.

Recognize and treat common post-operative problems.

Perform twice-daily rounds on at least 2 post-op patients from admission until discharge.

Review note and co-sign by resident and/or attending.

Enter cases into log.

Demonstrate the principles of suturing and knot tying.

Close fascia or subcutaneous layer at least once during surgery.

Resident/faculty to observe and review.

Enter into log.

Provide risk stratified antenatal care.

Perform and document at least 5 prenatal visits.

Order antenatal tests appropriate for gestational age.

Recognize medical and/or social factors contributing to a high-risk pregnancy.

Review note and co-sign by resident and/or attending.

Enter cases into log.

Recognize and manage active labor.

Write H&P and admit orders for at least 3 laboring women.

Examine and assess at least 2 ED patients who rule out for active labor.

Write intrapartum notes and orders every 2 hours for at least 3 laboring women.

Attend the delivery; write the delivery note and post-partum orders for 3 women.

Attend at least 2 Cesarean deliveries.

Review note and co-sign by resident and/or attending.

Present patients at board rounds.

Enter deliveries and labor management on log.

Understand post-partum care.

Perform daily rounds on and discharge at least 5 post-partum women.

Review note and orders, and co-sign by resident and/or attending.

Enter cases into log.

Understand the basics of fetal monitoring.

Review and describe fetal monitor tracings on at least 5 women.

Resident/faculty to observe and review.

Enter cases into log.

Knowledge Objectives

1.  Obstetrics

Introduction/Orientation to Labor and Delivery

  • List 3 ways to diagnose pregnancy.
  • Describe 4 criteria for dating a pregnancy by clinical parameters (i.e. without ultrasound)
  • Describe the effects of pregnancy on cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, and GI systems.
  • List 4 health habits that you inquire about during preconceptual counseling.
  • List 2 lab tests that you would consider ordering during preconceptual counseling.
  • Define "adequate" prenatal care as described by ACOG. List 3 pathological processes prenatal care is designed to diagnose, and what impact these diagnoses have on the pregnancy.
  • List 8 routine prenatal labs and reasons for each.
  • List 3 indications for an ob ultrasound for dating.
  • Differentiate among the terms position, presentation, station, effacement, dilation.
  • List 5 criteria used to describe basic fetal heart rate tracings. List 3 types of decelerations and the implications of each.
  • Describe 3 methods for pain control during labor.
  • Describe placenta previa, placenta accreta, circumvallate placenta, and succenturiate lobe.
  • Differentiate among 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th degree obstetrical lacerations.
  • Define postpartum hemorrhage and describe 3 methods for treating it.
  • Describe 5 common problems that occur postpartum that women need to be warned about prior to discharge.
  • Describe how to treat an uncomplicated UTI in an ob patient and in a gyn patient.

Hypertensive Disorders

  • Define pre-eclampsia.
  • Describe 4 risk factors for developing pre-eclampsia and in general the treatment

Infections

  • Define amnionitis and endomyometritis. List 3 risk factors for post-partum endomyometritis. List the 3 most common bacteria that contribute to post-partum endomyometritis.
  • Describe the 2 accepted maternal screening methods for reducing neonatal Group B strep infections.
  • List the 5 TORCH syndromes and the most common fetal effects of each.
  • Describe maternal screening for HIV infection. What is the aim of treating during pregnancy?

Premies and Postdates

  • Describe 2 risks involved in postdatism
  • Define preterm labor.
  • Define preterm contractions.
  • Define preterm ruptured membranes
  • Distinguish among risks for preterm labor and etiologies of preterm labor. List 5 of each.

Abnormal Labor

  • Define active labor and latent labor. Be able to distinguish between them.
  • Describe the normal labor curve for nullip- and multiparous women. Describe 3 options for managing failure to progress normally.
  • List 4 risks of multiple gestation.

Substance Abuse

  • Describe 3 community resources that are available for women with substance abuse problems.

Breast-Feeding

  • Describe the role of oxytocin, prolactin, estrogen and progesterone in lactation.
  • Describe common management for nipple soreness.

Genetics

  • Describe the quadruple marker test and how to counsel women about this test.
  • Describe the ultrascreen test.
  • List 3 indications for genetic amniocentesis.

Gestational Diabetes

  • Define gestational diabetes.
  • Describe how to screen for and who to screen for gestational diabetes, and 3 risks associated with it.

Ectopic Pregnancy and Spontaneous Abortion

  • Describe 4 possible etiologies of first trimester bleeding.
  • Describe 3 risk factors for ectopic pregnancy.
  • Describe 2 ways to diagnose a non-viable pregnancy.
  • Describe 3 risks for spontaneous abortion and 3 causes of spontaneous abortion.

Bleeding during pregnancy

  • Describe 4 possible etiologies of third trimester bleeding.
  • Describe the psychology of pregnancy loss and grieving.

2.  Oncology

Pelvic Mass

  • Differentiate signs and symptoms of benign vs malignant pelvic masses.
  • Describe the effect of endogenous and exogenous hormones on the ovary.
  • Describe 2 absolute indications for surgery on a pelvic mass.
  • List 4 risk factors for ovarian cancer.
  • List the 3 major classes of ovarian cancer and their benign counterparts.
  • List 3 criteria for surgically staging ovarian cancers.
  • Describe the incidence of ovarian cancers by age.
  • Describe the 5 year survival rates for ovarian cancers by stage and by tumor type.

Cervical and Vulvar Cancer

  • Describe how to stage cervical cancer.
  • Distinguish radical hysterectomy from simple hysterectomy.
  • Describe 2 possible treatments for invasive cervical cancer.
  • Describe the 5 year survival for cervical cancer by stage and tumor type.
  • Describe 3 signs and symptoms of vulvar cancer and 2 risk factors for vulvar cancer.
  • List 2 vulvar dystrophies and know how to distinguish them.

Endometrial Cancer and GTN

  • Describe 4 risk factors for endometrial cancer.
  • Describe how to diagnose and stage endometrial cancer.
  • List 2 methods for treating endometrial cancer.
  • Define gestational neoplastic neoplasia. List 2 risk factors for GTN. List 2 possible treatments for GTN.

3.  Gynecology

Contraception and Abortion

  • Name the four major categories of contraception, their effectiveness and use effectiveness, contraindications, pertinent exam and history to be noted prior to prescribing, and side effects.
  • Describe the three options available to women when pregnancy is diagnosed.

STD Screening and Prevention

  • List 6 guidelines that determine if a patient needs STD screening.
  • Name 6 common STD diagnoses, the symptoms and signs of each, and how to test for them.
  • Describe 4 methods for preventing STD's.
  • Describe the effectiveness at STD prevention of each contraception method.

Cancer Screening and Prevention

  • Describe the ACOG guidelines for cervical, ovarian, endometrial, breast, and colon cancer screening by age group.
  • List four components of the Bethesda system for classifying Pap results.
  • Describe 4 risk factors for cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) and for cervical cancer.
  • List 3 treatments for CIN.
  • Distinguish between endometrial hyperplasia with and without atypia. Interpret endometrial biopsy results and recommend treatment.

Vaginitis

  • Define 3 causes of vaginitis, the signs and symptoms of each, an office-based test for each and how to treat each diagnosis.

Pelvic Pain - Acute

  • Describe the 5 most common items on the differential diagnoses for acute pelvic pain. Describe 5 signs, symptoms, or tests that would be available in a stat lab that enable you to distinguish among these items.
  • Distinguish an acute surgical abdomen from a non-surgical abdomen.
  • Describe 2 outpatient and one inpatient antibiotic regimen for treating PID.
  • List 4 criteria for admitting a woman with PID.
  • Describe the 2 most common PID pathogens and their relative incidence.
  • Describe the 4 risk factors for contracting PID.
  • Describe 3 possible sequelae of PID.

Pelvic pain - Chronic

  • Define chronic pelvic pain. D
  • Describe 4 items on the differential diagnosis for chronic pelvic pain. Describe 4 signs or symptoms to help distinguish among these items.
  • Describe 2 theories regarding the pathogenesis of endometriosis.

Menopause

  • Define menopause. D
  • escribe 4 signs and symptoms of menopause.
  • Describe 2 regimens for hormone replacement therapy (HRT).
  • Describe 3 pros and 3 cons of HRT.
  • Describe 2 contraindications to HRT.

Menstrual Cycle

  • Define the normal menstrual cycle, describe variations in normal at menarche and perimenopause.
  • Diagram the menstrual cycle, showing levels of ovarian and pituitary hormones.
  • Define dysmenorrhea and describe 2 common treatments for it.
  • Define premenstrual syndrome.
  • Describe the effects of hormonal variation on other systems ie headaches, seizure disorders, GI tract, sleep, mood.
  • Define abnormal uterine bleeding and list 3 common hormonal and 4 common non-hormonal causes of it.
  • Define the terms estrogen breakthrough, estrogen withdrawal, and progesterone withdrawal.

Infertility and Amenorrhea

  • Definite infertility.
  • Describe the three categories of infertility.
  • List 3 risk factors for infertility.
  • Define primary amenorrhea and describe 4 major causes.
  • Define secondary amenorrhea and 4 major causes.
  • Define hirsutism, describe its relation to anovulation, and list 3 major causes.

Urogynecology

  • Define 3 types of incontinence.
  • Describe 4 signs and symptoms of UTI.
  • Describe how to treat an uncomplicated UTI in an ob patient and in a gyn patient.
  • List 4 risk factors for UTI.

Breast Disease

  • Describe the differential diagnosis for a breast mass by age, i.e. <30, 30-50, >50.
  • Describe 2 criteria for ordering a mammogram.
  • List 4 risk factors for breast cancer.
  • Define galactorrhea.
  • Define mastalgia.
  • Describe 2 risk factors for mastitis and the most common pathogen.

Sexuality

  • Define sexual orientation and gender dysphoria.
  • Identify the 4 phases of sexual response.
  • Explain the impact of pregnancy, the postpartum period, and menopause on sexuality.
  • Define sexual dysfunction. List 5 classes of drugs that may cause sexual dysfunction.

Physical, Emotional, and Sexual Abuse

  • Describe 2 community resources are available for women with these problems.
  • Describe the cycle of abuse and 2 risk factors for being in an abusive relationship.

Pelvic Anatomy

  • Describe the course of the ureter.
  • Describe the blood supply and innervation of the uterus, ovaries, bladder and vulva
  • Understand the repair of obstetric laceration.
  • Understand the embryology of the reproductive tract, and its relationship to uterine anomalies.

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Last updated: May 15, 2008
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