Who will be included in the study?

•Those with blunt or penetrating injuries (abrasions, lacerations, hematomas, etc.)

•Patients in shock (systolic blood pressure less than or equal to 90)

•Age greater than or equal to 15 years

§Or, if age unknown, a weight of greater than or equal to 50 kg

•Absence of severe head injury

§Or adequate level of consciousness

•

•Severe head injury

•Previous IV fluids given (>250 ml)

•Ongoing prehospital CPR

•Known prisoners

•Known/suspected pregnancy

•Drowning or hanging

•Significant burns

•Time from dispatch >4 hrs

•Blood pressure greater than 90

•Age less than 15 years

§Or weight <50 kg, if age unknown

Patients Included

Patients Excluded