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Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation


Research

Brian Johnstone, PhD, is the Director of Orthopaedic Research. He supervises the Orthopaedics Basic Science Lab and the Orthopaedic Biomechanics Lab.

Dr. Johnstone's research

Visit the Orthopaedic Biomechanics Lab


Currently Funded Research Projects

Nels Carlson, MD: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Static Magnetic Field Therapy, National College of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR

Dennis Crawford, MD, PhD: A Randomized Comparison of Neocart to Microfracture in the Repair of Articular Cartilage Injuries in the Knee, Histogenics Corporation

Jamie Fitzgerald, PhD: Regeneration of Full Thickness Articular Cartilage Injury, NFL Charities

Robert A. Hart, MD: Effects of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (rhBMP-2) on the Rat Lung, Medtronic, Inc., Memphis, TN, 2007

Robert A. Hart, MD: Biomechanical Comparison of Three Techniques of Fixation Across Cervico-Thoracic Junction, Depuy-Spine, Raynham, MA, 2005

Robert A. Hart, MD: Biomechanical Comparison of Two Techniques of Fixation of Type 2 Dens Fractures, Acumed, Portland, OR, 2004, Brian Bay, PhD, Co-Investigator

Brian Johnstone, PhD: Novel antibodies for mesenchymal tissue stem cells, NIH/NIAMS

Brian Johnstone, PhD: Effects of smoking and aging on bone marrow stromal cells, Stryker Orthopaedics

Ted Vigeland, MD: Multicenter Trial of the LPS-Flex Mobile Bearing Knee, Zimmer, Inc., Warsaw, IN 2002

Jung Yoo, MD: Posterolateral lumbar spine fusion using variants of demineralized bone matrix (DBM), Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation, Brian Johnstone, PhD, Co-Investigator

Faculty Publications

Rodney Beals, MD

Wesenbeeck LV, Cleiren E, Gram J, Beals RK, et al, Six Novel Missense Mutations in the LDL Receptor-related Protein 5 Gene in Differently Diagnosed Sclerosing Bone Dysplasias. Am J Med Genet, 72:763-771, 2003.

Beals RK, Familial Primary Acetabular Dysplasia and Dislocation of the Hip, Clin Orthop and Rel Res, 406:109-115, 2003.

Stanley G, McLoughlin S, Beals RK, Observations on the Cause of Bowlegs in Achondroplasia, J Pediatr Orthop, 22(1): 112-6, 2002.

Beals RK, LaFranchi S, Distal Arthrogryposis: A New Type with Distinct Facial Appearance and Absent Teeth, J Med Genet, 38(7): E22, 2002.

Beals RK, Pearson FM, Mansoor A, Ribbing Disease: A case report, Review of the Literature, and a description of Novel Treatment, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 84A(11): 2050-5, 2002.

Kahn KM, Beals RK, Malrotation After Locked Intrameduallary Tibial Nailing. J Trauma, 53(3): 423-6, 2002.

Gustavel M, Beals RK, Scheuermann's Disease of the Lumbar Spine in Identical Twins, Am J Roentgenol, 179(4): 1078-9, 2002.

Beals RK, Cobanoglu AM, Croy TJ, Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head Following Heart Transplant in a Child, Pediatr Transplant, 6: 423-6, 2002.

Stanley G, McLoughlin S, Beals RK, Observations on the Cause of Bowlegs in Achondroplasia, J Pediatr Orthop, Vol. 00. No. 0, 2002

Beals RK, McLoughlin SW, Teed RL, McDonald C, Dominant Endosteal Hyperostosis, Skeletal characteristics and review of the literature. [Review] [26 refs] [Journal Article. Review. Review of Reported Cases] Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 83-A(11): 1643-9, 2001 Nov.

George Brown, MD

Wagner JD, Baack B, Brown GA, Kelly J. Rapid 3-dimensional prototyping for surgical repair of maxillofacial fractures: a technical note. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004 Jul;62(7):898-901.

Brown GA, Firoozbakhsh K, DeCoster TA, Reyna JR Jr, Moneim M. Rapid prototyping: the future of trauma surgery? J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003;85-A Suppl 4:49-55.

Brown GA, Milner B, Firoozbakhsh K. Application of computer-generated stereolithography and interpositioning template in acetabular fractures: a report of eight cases. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma; 16:347-352; 2002.

Brown GA, Firoozbakhsh K, Summa C. Potential for increased risk of neurovascular injury using proximal interlocking screws of retrograde femoral nails in patients with acetabular fractures. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma; 15:433-437; 2001.

Brown GA, Firoozbakhsh K, Gehlert RJ. Three-dimensional CT modeling versus traditional radiology techniques in treatment of acetabular fractures. Iowa Orthop J. 2001;21:20-4.

Brown GA, Willis MC, Firoozbakhsh K, Barmada A, Tessman CL, Montgomery A. Computed tomography image guided surgery in complex acetabular fractures. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research; 370:219-226; 2000.

Brown GA, Swenson DR. A descriptive system for lower extremity evaluation in children. Orthopaedic; 23(2):111-115; 2000.

Brown GA, Osebold WR, Ponseti IV. Congenital pseudarthrosis of long bones: a clinical radiographic, histologic and ultrastructural study. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 1977; 128:228-242.

Brown GA, Sprague BL. Cast brace treatment of plateau and bicondylar fractures of the proximal tibia. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 1976; 119:184-193.

Brown GA, Cooper RR, Maynard JA, Bonfiglio M. Endoplasmic reticulum size and morphology in bone disorders. Relations to protein synthesis and malignancy. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 1974;101(01):278-285.

Hans Carlson, MD

Carlson H, Carlson N, Pasternak B, Balderston K. Understanding and managing the back pain of pregnancy. Current Women's Health Reports 2003;3:65-71.

Carlson H, Haig A, Stewart D. Snapping scapula syndrome: three case reports and an analysis of the literature. Archives of Phys Med and Rehab 1997; 78: 506 - 511.

Nels Carlson, MD

Carlson H, Carlson N, Pasternak B, Balderston K. Understanding and managing the back pain of pregnancy. Current Women's Health Reports 2003;3:65-71.

Rainville J, Carlson N, Polatin P, Gatchel R, Indahl A. Exploration of Physician's Recommendations for Activities in Chronic Low Back Pain. Spine 25:2210-2219, 2000.

Carlson N, Logigian EL. Entrapment and Other Focal Neuropathies: Radial Neuropathy. Neurologic Clinics 17(3):499-524, 1999.

Krivickas L, Carlson N. Clinical Electrophysiology: Myopathies. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation State of the Art Reviews 13(2):307-332, 1999.

Dennis Crawford, MD, PhD

Crawford DC, Safran MR. Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee.J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2006 Feb;14(2):90-100. Review.

Ellis TJ, Crawford D. Arthroscopic surgery for arthritis of the knee. Curr Women's Health Rep. 2003 Feb;3(1):63-4.

Crawford DC, Brown HB, Reis M. Smoking Increases the Risk of Wound Complications in Total Knee and Hip Arthroplasty. Journal of Arthroplasty. In press.

Crawford DC, Koa H. Orthopedic Manifestations of Child Abuse: Diagnosis and Management. Journal of the American Family Physician. Accepted 12/02

Crawford DC, Frenzen S, Hogan K , Ehrlich MG. Subtalar Arthroereisis as an Adjunct Procedure For Pathologic Planovalgus in Skeletally Immature Feet: 10-year Clinical and Functional Outcome Study. In revision. Foot and Ankle International.

Crawford DC, Radamisli T, Mortimer E and C D'Amato. Risk of acute complication after percutaneous pinning of supracondylar humerus fractures in children by fracture classification: Type II v III. In revision. J Pediatric Ortho.

Jamie Fitzgerald, PhD

Allen J., Bateman J. F., Hansen U., Wilson R., Bruckner P., Owens R.T., Sasaki T., Timpl R. Fitzgerald J. (2006) WARP is a novel multimeric component of the chondrocyte pericellular matrix that interacts with perlecan. J. Biol. Chem. 281:7341-7349

Fitzgerald J,. Bateman J.F. (2004) Why mice have lost genes for COL21A1, STK17A, GPR145 and AHRI: evidence for gene deletion at evolutionary breakpoints in the rodent lineage. Trends in Genetics 20: 408-412

Fitzgerald J, Bateman J. F. (2003) Is there an evolutionary relationship between WARP (von Willebrand factor A-related protein) and the FACIT and FACIT-like collagens? FEBS Lett. 552: 91-94.

Fitzgerald J., Ting ST, Bateman JF. (2002) WARP is a new member of the von Willebrand factor A-domain superfamily of extracellular matrix proteins. FEBS Lett. 517: 61-66.

Fitzgerald J, Bateman JF. (2001) A new FACIT of the collagen family: COL21A1. FEBS Lett. 505: 275-280.

Fitzgerald J, Mörgelin M, Selan C, Wiberg C, Keene DR, Lamandé SR, Bateman JF. (2001) The amino-terminal N5 subdomain of the 3(VI) chain is important for collagen VI microfibril formation. J Biol. Chem. 276 (1): 187-193.

Fitzgerald J, Kennedy D, Viseshakul N, Cohen BN, Mattick J, Bateman JF, Forsayeth JR. (2000) UNCL, the mammalian homologue of UNC-50, is an inner nuclear membrane RNA-binding protein. Brain Research 877 (1): 110-123.

Fitzgerald J, Dietz T, Hughes-Fulford M. (2000) Prostaglandin E2-induced upregulation of c-fos mRNA is primarily mediated by cAMP in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. Endocrinology. 141 (1): 291.

Fitzgerald J, Lamandé SL, Bateman JF. (1999) Proteasomal degradation of unassembled mutant pro 1(I) collagen chains. J. Biol. Chem. 274 (39): 27392-27398.

Fitzgerald J, Hughes-Fulford M. (1999) Mechanically induced c-fos expression is mediated by cAMP in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. FASEB. J. 13: 553-557.

Robert Hart, MD

Hart RA, Prendergast MA, Spine Surgery for Lumbar Degenerative Disease in Elderly and Osteoporotic Patients, AAOS Instr Course Lect. 2007;56:257-72. Review.

Hart RA, Badra MI, Madala A, Yoo JU. Use of Pelvic Incidence as a Guide to Reduction of h-type Spino-pelvic Dissociation Injuries, J Orthop Trauma. 2007 Jul;21(6):369-74.

Tatsumi R, Yoo J, Liu Q, Hart RA. Mechanical Comparison of Posterior Instrumentation Constructs for Spinal Fixation Across the Cervicothoracic Junction, Spine. 2007 May 1;32(10):1072-6.

Hart RA, Hiratzka J, Deodhar A. Case Report: Vertebral Compression Fracture in a Fused and Instrumented Lumbar Segment, Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007 May;458:226-8.

Daniels AH, Arthur M, Hart RA. Variability in rates of arthrodesis procedures for patients with cervical spine injuries with and without associated spinal cord injury. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007 Feb;89(2):317-23.

Jones J, Yoo J, Hart R. Delayed fracture of fibular strut allograft following multilevel anterior cervical spine corpectomy, and fusion. Spine. 2006 Aug 1;31(17):E595-9.

Hart RA. Failed Spine Surgery Syndrome in the Life and Career of John Fitzgerald Kennedy, J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006 May;88(5):1141-8.

Barker L, Anderson J, Chesnut R, Nesbit G, Tjauw T, Hart R. Reliability and reproducibility of dens fracture classification with use of plain radiography and reformatted computer-aided tomography. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006 Jan;88(1):106-12.

Hart R, Hettwer W, Liu Q, Prem S. Mechanical stiffness of Segmental versus Non-segmental Pedicle Screw Constructs: The Effect of Cross-links. Spine. 2006 Jan 15;31(2):E35-8.

Irwin ZN, Hilibrand A, Gustavel M, McLain R, Shafer W, Myers M, Glaser J. Hart RA. Variation in surgical decision making for degenerative spinal disorders. Part II: cervical spine. Spine. 2005 Oct 1;30(19):2214-9.

Irwin ZN, Hilibrand A, Gustavel M, McLain R, Shaffer W, Myers M, Glaser J, Hart RA. Variation in surgical decision making for degenerative spinal disorders. Part I: lumbar spine. Spine. 2005 Oct 1;30(19):2208-13.

James Hayden, MD, PhD

Hayden JB, McCormack AL, Yates III JR, Davey MP. Analysis of Naturally Processed Peptides Eluted from HLA DRB1*0402 and *0404. Journal of Neuroscience Research 1996; 45:795-802.

Davey PM, Meyer MM, Munkirs DD, Babcock D, Braun MP, Hayden JB, Bakke AC. T-cell Receptor Variable Beta Genes Show Differential Expression in CD4 and CD8 T-cells. Human Immunology 1991;32:194-202.

Alex Herzberg, MD, PhD

Herzberg A, Liu Q, Garaycochea C, Kam B, Untch C, Crawford A. Alendronate counteracts direction specific decreases in bone tissue modulus associated with low calcium diet. Transactions of the 48th Annual Meeting, Orthopaedic Research Society, 27, 561 (2002)

Motamedi A, Miller J, Weiss E, Gillard J, Herzberg A. Popliteofibular ligament and popliteus tendon both contribute to posterolateral rotary knee instability. A biomechanical evaluation. AOSSM Annual Meeting, July 1, 2002.

Hart RA, Mayberry JC, Herzberg AM. Acute Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Secondary to Hyperextension: Report of An Air Bag Mediated Injury, Journal of Spinal Disorders, 13(1): 36-38, 1999.

Pool S, Negishi A, Herzberg AM. Size-dependence of the anisotropic micromechanical compressive properties of human cortical bone tissue. Transactions of the 43rd Annual Meeting Orthopaedic Research Society, 22, 816. (1997)

Pool S, Herzberg A, Negishi A, Sullivan S. The micromechanics of cortical and trabecular bone. 1996 Annual Research Review, Book of Abstracts, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, p.4.

Brian Johnstone, PhD

Choi Y, Oldenburg FP, Sage L, Johnstone B, Yoo JU.A bridging demineralized bone implant facilitates posterolateral lumbar fusion in New Zealand white rabbits. Spine. 2007 Jan 1;32(1):36-41.

Altaf FM, Hering TM, Kazmi NH, Yoo JU, Johnstone B. Ascorbate-enhanced chondrogenesis of ATDC5 cells. Eur Cell Mater. 2006 Nov 9;12:64-9; discussion 69-70.

Yee AJ, Bae HW, Friess D, Roth SM, Whyne C, Robbin M, Johnstone B, Yoo JU. The use of simvastatin in rabbit posterolateral lumbar intertransverse process spine fusion. Spine J. 2006 Jul-Aug;6(4):391-6.

Huang J, Durbhakula M, Angele P, Johnstone B, Yoo JU. Lunate arthroplasty with autologous mesenchymal stem cells in a rabbit model. J Bone Joint Surg (2006) 88:744-52.

Longobardi L, O'Rear L, Johnstone B, Shimer K, Chytil A, Horton WA, Moses HL, Spagnoli A. Distinct and Combined Effect of IGF-I and TGF-ß in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Chondrogenesis. J Biol Chem (2006) 21:626-36.

Yee AJ, Bae HW, Friess D, Roth S, Whyne CM, Johnstone B, Yoo JU. The use of simvastatin in rabbit posterolateral lumbar spine fusion. Spine J (2006) 6:391-396.

Huang J, Kazmi N, Durbhakula M, Hering TM, Yoo JU, Johnstone B. Chondrogenic potential of progenitor cells derived from human bone marrow and adipose tissue: a patient-matched comparison. J. Orthop Res, 223:1383-1389, 2005.

Johnstone B, Stewart M, Yoo J Cell sources for cartilage tissue engineering. In: "Culture of cells for tissue engineering" (eds. Freshney I, Vunjak-Novakovic G) Wiley, New York, 2005.

Michael Kennedy, MD

Karnaky KJ, Oehlenschlager WF, Stidham JD, Nelson DS, McCraw AS, Valentich JD, Kennedy MP, Currie MG. An atrial natriuretic peptide-like factor isolated from the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) rectal gland: initial characterization. Bull. Mt. Desert Isl. Biol. Lab. 31: 126-128, 1992.

Karnaky KJ, Oehlenschlager WF, Stidham JD, Nelson DS, McCraw AS, Valentich JD, Kennedy MP, Currie MG. C-type natriuretic peptide is a potent secretagogue for cultured shark (Squalus acanthias) rectal gland. Bull. Mt. Desert Isl. Biol. Lab. 31: 122-123, 1992.

Kennedy M, Valentich J, Currie M, Karnaky K, Jr. Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on intracellular cGMP and Cl transport in cultured shark rectal gland cells. Ped. Pulmon. Suppl. 5: 122, 1990.

Karnaky KJ, Kennedy MP, Valentich JD, Currie MG, Oehlenschlager WF. Shark rectal gland cells contain an ANP-like factor which apically stimulates chloride secretion. Ped. Pulmon. Suppl. 6: 153, 1991.

Morandi M, Kennedy M. Outcome of a treatment protocol for severe open unstable dislocations of the ankle. Proc. Michigan Ortho. Soc. Ann. Meeting, June, 2000.

Kennedy MP, Coughlin MJ. Technique Tip: Arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. Foot Ankle Int. 23(4): 352-354, 2002.

Kennedy MP, Coughlin MJ. Peroneus longus rupture following a modified Evans lateral ankle ligament reconstruction. (In press, Orthopedics).

Mann RA, Mann JA, Jaakkola J, Kennedy MP. Short term results with 50 Scandinavian Total Ankle Replacements. Proc. Am. Ortho. Foot Ankle Society 17th Annual Summer Meeting, p 46, 2001.

Coughlin MJ, Kennedy MP. Operative repair of fourth and fifth toe corns (In press, Foot & Ankle Intl.).

Robert Orfaly, MD

Orfaly RM, Rockwood CA Jr, Esenyel CZ, Wirth MA. Shoulder arthroplasty in cases with avascular necrosis of the humeral head. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. May-Jun;16(3 Suppl):S27-32, 2007. Epub 2006 Nov 16.

Orfaly RM, Rockwood CA Jr, Esenyel CZ, Wirth MA. A prospective functional outcome study of shoulder arthroplasty for osteoarthritis with an intact rotator cuff. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. May-Jun;12(3):214-21, 2003.

Orfaly RM. Section Two: Shoulder, in Essentials of Musculoskeletal Care, Greene B WB (ed.), AAOS 2001.

Orfaly RM, McConkey JP, Regan WD. The Fate of Meniscal Tears after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 8(2):102-5, 1998.

Orfaly RM, Regan WD. A new, more effective test for posterolateral rotatory instablility of the elbow. Orthopaedic Transactions 22(3).

Orfaly RM, Hawkins RH, Hassan D. Functional outcome following hemiarthroplasty for three- and four-part proximal humeral fractures. Orthopaedic Transactions 22(3).

Orfaly RM, Keating JF, O'Brien PJ. Knee Pain Following Tibial Intramedullary Nailing: Incidence and Outcome. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 11(1): 10-13, 1997.

Orfaly RM, Regan WD. Surgical Efficacy for Radial Tunnel Syndrome with Positive Pain Ablation Test. Orthopaedic Transactions 21(3).

Orfaly RM, Wing PC, Lower ME, Susak L. Injury Prevention: Drugs, Alcohol, and Spinal Cord Injury. BC Medical Journal 38:1, 22-26, 1996.

Orfaly RM, Keating JF, O'Brien PJ. Knee Pain After Tibial Nailing: Does the Entry Point Matter? Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 77-B:6, 976-977, 1995.

Jung Yoo, MD

Tatsumi RL, Yoo JU, Liu Q, Hart RA. Mechanical comparison of posterior instrumentation constructs for spinal fixation across the cervicothoracic junction. Spine. 2007 May 1;32(10):1072-6.

Choi Y, Oldenburg FP, Sage L, Johnstone B, Yoo JU. A bridging demineralized bone implant facilitates posterolateral lumbar fusion in New Zealand white rabbits. Spine. 2007 Jan 1;32(1):36-41.

Altaf FM, Hering TM, Kazmi NH, Yoo JU, Johnstone B. Ascorbate-enhanced chondrogenesis of ATDC5 cells. Eur Cell Mater. 2006 Nov 9;12:64-9; discussion 69-70.

Friess DM, Yoo JU. Intraoperative technique to define the safe lateral limits of anterior cervical corpectomy: a cadaveric study. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2006 Aug;19(6):394-8.

Kwon B, Yoo JU, Furey CG, Rowbottom J, Emery SE. Risk factors for delayed extubation after single-stage, multi-level anterior cervical decompression and posterior fusion. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2006 Aug;19(6):389-93.

Yee AJ, Bae HW, Friess D, Roth SM, Whyne C, Robbin M, Johnstone B, Yoo JU. The use of simvastatin in rabbit posterolateral lumbar intertransverse process spine fusion. Spine J. 2006 Jul-Aug;6(4):391-6.

Huang JI, Durbhakula MM, Angele P, Johnstone B, Yoo JU. Lunate arthroplasty with autologous mesenchymal stem cells in a rabbit model. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006 Apr;88(4):744-52.

Oh HK, So MK, Yang J, Yoon HC, Ahn JS, Lee JM, Kim JT, Yoo JU, Byun TH. Effect of N-Acetylcystein on butyrate-treated Chinese hamster ovary cells to improve the production of recombinant human interferon-beta-1a. Biotechnol Prog. 2005 Jul-Aug;21(4):1154-64.

Roh JS, Teng AL, Yoo JU, Davis J, Furey C, Bohlman HH. Degenerative disorders of the lumbar and cervical spine. Orthop Clin North Am. 2005 Jul;36(3):255-62. Review.

Huang JI, Kazmi N, Durbhakula MM, Hering TM, Yoo JU, Johnstone B. Chondrogenic potential of progenitor cells derived from human bone marrow and adipose tissue: a patient-matched comparison. J Orthop Res. 2005 Nov;23(6):1383-9. Epub 2005 Jun 3.


 

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